Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 1 to 10 of 208,216 articles

Semiquantitative [¹²³I]FP-CIT SPECT metrics combined with machine learning improve clinical differentiation of Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonian syndrome.

European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging
PURPOSE: To evaluate whether semiquantitative striatal [¹²³I]FP-CIT SPECT-derived metrics improve clinical differentiation of degenerative parkinsonism using an integrated machine learning approach. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 487 pa... read more 

Physician epistemic framing alters the accuracy of large language models for medical second opinions

medRxiv
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored as tools for medical second opinions, yet their performance is often evaluated under neutral benchmark conditions that may not reflect how clinicians actually query these systems. We invest... read more 

A foundation model of wearable pulse oximetry reveals physiological signatures of health and cardiometabolic risk

medRxiv
While Photoplethysmography (PPG) is established as a noninvasive optical tool for monitoring heart rate and oxygen saturation, its high-resolution blood flow waveforms contain rich physiological data that extend far beyond conventional vital signs. W... read more 

Semiquantitative [¹²³I]FP-CIT SPECT metrics combined with machine learning improve clinical differentiation of Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonian syndrome.

European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging
PURPOSE: To evaluate whether semiquantitative striatal [¹²³I]FP-CIT SPECT-derived metrics improve clinical differentiation of degenerative parkinsonism using an integrated machine learning approach. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 487 pa... read more 

MMP9 mediates 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced osteoarthritis cartilage damage via regulating the p38 MAPK pathway: A mechanistic study based on network toxicology and multi-omics.

Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a highly toxic persistent organic pollutant (POP), is associated with musculoskeletal disorders, yet its molecular mechanisms in osteoarthritis (OA)-related cartilage damage remain unclear. This study aimed... read more 

Adaptive learning rate methodologies and clipping mechanisms based upon gradient entropy.

Scientific reports
Serving as a pivotal parameter during deep learning training processes, learning rate plays a crucial role regarding training efficiency. Traditional optimizers confront challenges such as sluggish convergence and unstable precision; particularly acr... read more 

Neural effects of expectation violation generalise across sensory modalities.

Communications biology
The brain receives more sensory information than it can usefully employ to control behaviour. This sensory overload can be reduced by exploiting regularities in the environment to predict future events. Previous work on the role of prediction in perc... read more 

MAFR-UNet: multi-scale adaptive feature reassembly network for aortic CTA segmentation.

Scientific reports
The combinations of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformer have shown promising results in many medical image segmentation tasks. However, the simple feature stacking or concatenation may neglect multi-scale semantic alignment, which in... read more 

Adaptive learning rate methodologies and clipping mechanisms based upon gradient entropy.

Scientific reports
Serving as a pivotal parameter during deep learning training processes, learning rate plays a crucial role regarding training efficiency. Traditional optimizers confront challenges such as sluggish convergence and unstable precision; particularly acr... read more 

Dual branch fundus deep learning network as an enhanced multi classification system for ocular disease detection via hybrid feature fusion.

Scientific reports
Ophthalmic diagnosis relies heavily on the interpretation of fundus images to identify a range of debilitating diseases. However, the presence of multiple, co-existing pathologies and the subtle visual cues associated with early-stage disease pose a ... read more