Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 11,921 to 11,930 of 210,187 articles

Genos-m: a foundation model for human-associated microbial genomes

bioRxiv May 24, 2026
Human-associated microbial genomes encode extensive strain-level diversity and niche-specific gene repertoires that are critical to host health. However, these complex sequence features remain difficult to capture using general-purpose DNA foundation... read more 
bioinformatics

Identification of amino acid metabolism-related biomarkers in liver fibrosis: a transcriptomic analysis with experimental validation

medRxiv May 24, 2026
Background Liver fibrosis (LF) represents a pivotal pathological phase in the advancement of chronic liver disorders toward cirrhosis. Amino acid metabolism reprogramming plays a pivotal role in its pathogenesis, yet the underlying molecular mechanis... read more 
gastroenterology

Cannot, Should Not, Did Anyway: Benchmarking Constraint Enforcement Failure in Frontier LLMs

medRxiv May 24, 2026
Large language models are typically evaluated under fixed instruction contexts, implicitly treating correct refusal as a stable model property. We show that this obscures a critical failure mode: models often recognize that a request should be refuse... read more 
health informatics

Explainable AI for Data-Driven Design of High-Dimensional Predictive Studies

medRxiv May 24, 2026
Predictive modelling is important for health data analysis and data-driven clinical decision-making. However, predictive studies are challenging to design optimally by hand when tens or even hundreds of features require selection, transformation, or ... read more 
health informatics

Artificial Intelligence-Based Chatbots in Genetic Counseling Practice: Current Uptake, Utilization, and Perspectives

medRxiv May 24, 2026
AI-driven chatbots have been utilized in healthcare to automate administrative tasks, improve patient education, and expand access to medical information; however, their role in genetic counseling remains underexplored. To investigate the adoption, p... read more 
genetic and genomic medicine

Causal Network Mapping of sEEG Identifies Compact Epileptogenic Targets Concordant with Seizure Freedom: Multicenter Validation in 60 Patients

medRxiv May 24, 2026
Background and Purpose: Drug resistant epilepsy (DRE) affects approximately 15 million people worldwide, and surgery remains the only curative option. A key challenge in predicting outcomes is the lack of standardized, quantitative tools to help dist... read more 
neurology

Impact of Imaging Protocols on Thermal Detection of Pressure Injuries: Threshold versus Deep Learning Across Skin Tones

medRxiv May 24, 2026
Pressure injuries represent a significant healthcare challenge requiring early detection to prevent severe complications. While thermal imaging shows promise for detecting early pressure-related temperature changes, its robustness across varying imag... read more 
medical ethics

Multimodal MRI and Machine Learning Uncovers Distinct Progression Patterns in Friedreich Ataxia

medRxiv May 24, 2026
Background Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder with substantial heterogeneity in clinical presentation and progression, complicating prognosis and trial design. Neuroimaging offers objective biomarkers to track disease evolu... read more 
neurology

From Functional Architecture to Organizing Principles of Neuronal Ensembles in Mouse Area V1

bioRxiv May 24, 2026
While single neuron responses in mouse V1 are well characterized, less is known about how functional ensembles--groups of neurons that co-activate more frequently than expected by chance--emerge as computational units within laminar V1 circuits. Even... read more 
neuroscience

Inference-Time Alignment of Diffusion Models via Trust-Region Iterative Twisted Sequential Monte Carlo

arXiv May 24, 2026
We study inference-time alignment for diffusion-based generative models, aiming to steer a base model toward high-reward outputs without updating its weights. Recent Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC)-based steering methods approximate reward-tilted target... read more 
Machine Learning cs.AI cs.CL cs.CV stat.ML
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