Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 12,901 to 12,910 of 210,785 articles

Geographical targeting of active case finding for tuberculosis in Pakistan using artificial intelligence software (SPOT-TB): a pragmatic stepped wedge cluster randomized control trial.

medRxiv May 22, 2026
Background Community-wide active case-finding (ACF) is being increasingly implemented as a tuberculosis (TB) elimination intervention. However, conventional site selection strategies may result in low yields from screening. We evaluated whether an ar... read more 
infectious diseases

Design and Validation of an AI-Assisted Sequential Screening Framework for Psychological Distress in Glaucoma

medRxiv May 22, 2026
Purpose: Psychological distress is highly prevalent in glaucoma and is associated with worse adherence, reduced quality of life, and faster disease progression. However, distress is rarely assessed in ophthalmology settings due to time, workflow, and... read more 
ophthalmology

Evaluating Large Language Models for Translating Multimodal Phenotype Documentations into Executable EHR Phenotyping Algorithms

medRxiv May 22, 2026
Research applications of electronic health record (EHR) phenotypes require translating clinical definitions into executable EHR database queries, a labor-intensive process. We evaluated two frontier large language models across five phenotypes and th... read more 
health informatics

Predicting Substance Use and Psychotic-Like Experiences in Adolescents

medRxiv May 22, 2026
Adolescence is a critical developmental window for the emergence of substance use and psychosis-spectrum symptoms, yet early risk for these outcomes remains poorly understood. Using longitudinal data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (A... read more 
psychiatry and clinical psychology

An Experimental Investigation of the Relationship between AI-Human Workflow Design and Legal Liability for Radiologists: The Erroneous-Change Penalty and Omission Bias

medRxiv May 22, 2026
Background: With growing impetus to integrate artificial intelligence (AI) tools into radiology, clinical practices must navigate workflow redesign. This carries implications for medical malpractice liability. Methods: We conducted an online vignette... read more 
radiology and imaging

Integrated Machine Learning-PanGWAS Reveals Chromosome-Encoded Persistence Networks and Plasmid Plasticity in Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Escherichia coli

medRxiv May 22, 2026
Background: Recurrent urinary tract infections(rUTI) represent a major clinical challenge due to persistent clinical symptoms, repeated antibiotic exposure, and increased risk of multidrug resistance. Further clinical management of rUTI remains chall... read more 
infectious diseases

Machine-Assisted Topic Analysis of Large-Scale Health Experience Data: Identifying Sociodemographic Differences and Evaluating Bias in Large Language Models

medRxiv May 22, 2026
Introduction: Large-scale free-text data with socio-demographic information can capture nuanced accounts of lived experience that are difficult to detect in structured measures. However, manual qualitative analysis is difficult to scale, while automa... read more 
public and global health

MASHA: A Multi-Agent System for Healthcare Sentiment Analysis Using AI for Migraine Detection in Arabic Tweets

medRxiv May 22, 2026
Migraine detection and sentiment analysis in healthcare have become increasingly important, particularly with the rise of social media platforms like Twitter, where users often share their personal health experiences. This study presents MASHA (Multi... read more 
health informatics

Task-Parametrized Dynamics: Representation of Time and Decisions in Recurrent Neural Networks

bioRxiv May 22, 2026
How do recurrent neural networks (RNNs) internally represent elapsed time to initiate responses after learned delays? To address this question, we trained RNNs on delayed decision-making tasks with progressively increasing temporal demands, including... read more 
neuroscience

Generative Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education and Participatory Research for Social Action: A Human and AI Comparative Analysis

medRxiv May 21, 2026
Participatory qualitative methods such as Photovoice are increasingly used to link research with social action. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) may enhance data analysis, inference, and action planning within such participatory approa... read more 
medical education
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