AI Medical Compendium

Fast reconstruction of degenerate populations of conductance-based neuron models from spike times.

PLoS computational biology May 21, 2026

Inferring the biophysical parameters of conductance-based models (CBMs) from experimentally accessible recordings remains a central challenge in computational neuroscience. Spike times are the most widely available data, yet they reveal little about ... read more

Machine learning reveals microbiome differences by periodontitis severity.

PloS one May 21, 2026

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by microbial dysbiosis, yet the microbial signatures associated with severity remain incompletely understood. This study investigated changes in subgingival microbial composition across clinicall... read more

Enhancing aviation safety: An 80-year data-driven model for classification of aviation incident and accident.

PloS one May 21, 2026

The aviation system is safety-critical by nature, and any occurrence of an incident or accident can lead to the loss of human life and significant operational disruptions. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) emphasizes that every fli... read more

Current Artificial Intelligence Large Language Models Exhibit Sycophantic Behavior in Orthopaedic Contexts.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume May 21, 2026

BACKGROUND: The use of large language models (LLMs) is increasingly common. However, LLMs may exhibit sycophancy, echoing users' beliefs while avoiding contradiction. In the present study, we describe sycophancy in general-purpose LLMs when applied t... read more

Generative AI use and misuse call for assessment reform in higher education.

Science (New York, N.Y.) May 21, 2026

Growing misuse of, and unequal access to, AI tools requires universities to rethink how they evaluate learning. read more

Radiomics Grading of Hand Osteoarthritis Severity Using Standard Radiographs: Results from the DIGICOD Cohort.

Osteoarthritis and cartilage May 21, 2026

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated whether radiomics analysis of standard hand radiographs could provide an automated and objective assessment of structural severity in hand osteoarthritis (HOA) compared to Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) scores, ranging from 0 ... read more

A two-stage stacking machine learning framework for predicting metal oxide nanoparticle toxicity and biological outcomes.

NanoImpact May 21, 2026

Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) raise growing cytotoxicity concerns, yet experimental assessment requires multiple time-consuming biological assays. We developed a leakage-free two-stage machine learning framework predicting MONP toxicity and biolo... read more

Enhancing Protein Subcellular Localization Prediction through Language Model-Based Knowledge Embeddings and Machine Learning Techniques.

Analytical biochemistry May 21, 2026

Determining the subcellular localization of proteins is critical for understanding their functional roles. With the rapid expansion of protein sequence databases, traditional experimental and homology-based approaches for Protein Subcellular Localiza... read more

Activity-driven engineering of Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase from Thermobifida fusca for the synthesis of methyl (2S)-5-chloro-2-hydroxy-1-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2-carboylate: a key precursor of (S)-indoxacarb.

Journal of biotechnology May 21, 2026

The synthesis of key chiral intermediates via biocatalysis is of great importance in pharmaceutical manufacturing. In this study, we engineered a phenylacetone monooxygenase from Thermobifida fusca to enhance its catalytic activity for the synthesis ... read more

Risk prediction of depression- and anxiety-related psychological distress in a large multistage survey sample of Chinese adults: a multi-algorithm ensemble machine-learning model with SHAP.

Journal of affective disorders May 21, 2026

OBJECTIVE: To develop an interpretable ensemble machine-learning model to support risk stratification of elevated depression- and anxiety-related psychological distress in a large multistage survey sample of Chinese adults, and to examine nonlinear a... read more

Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium