Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 14,481 to 14,490 of 211,815 articles

Language-dependent diagnostic safety of medical AI systems: a cross-lingual benchmarking and prospective clinical study

medRxiv May 21, 2026
Background Patients worldwide receive healthcare in many languages, yet medical AI systems are validated almost exclusively in high-resource languages such as English and Chinese, exposing patients in other linguistic settings to unquantified diagnos... read more 
health informatics

Benchmarking General-Purpose and Medical AI Large Language Models for Clinical Assessment and Management in Parkinson's Disease

medRxiv May 20, 2026
Background: The clinical applicability of large language models (LLMs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) management remains insufficiently characterized, particularly in generative responses to clinical vignette scenarios. Objective: To evaluate the qualit... read more 
neurology

MyeGPT: an AI agent for Multiple Myeloma

medRxiv May 20, 2026
Today, advancements in our understanding of cancer biology are increasingly attributed to large-scale clinical-molecular datasets. The case in point for multiple myeloma, the second-most prevalent haematological malignancy, is the CoMMpass study, a d... read more 
hematology

Development and validation of a digital pathology artificial intelligence (DPAI)-based biomarker predicting risk of Gleason grade group reclassification for patients who are candidates for active surveillance

medRxiv May 20, 2026
Aims Active surveillance (AS) allows selected men with localized prostate cancer to defer curative therapy and reduce treatment morbidity. Conversion from AS to treatment is commonly triggered by Gleason grade group (GGG) upgrading on confirmatory bi... read more 
oncology

Unsupervised Tissue Concepts for Explainable Sarcoma Subtype Prediction from H&E

medRxiv May 20, 2026
Soft tissue sarcomas are a rare, heterogeneous group of tumors whose diagnosis remains challenging because of overlapping morphology and limited access to sarcoma-specialized pathologists. Although pathology foundation models have shown promise in co... read more 
pathology

Automating Screening of Titles and Abstracts in Systematic Reviews: An Assessment of GPT-4o mini

medRxiv May 20, 2026
Background: Systematic literature reviews (SLRs) are essential in medical research, but are often time-consuming and costly, necessitating more efficient methods while maintaining accuracy. Objective: This study assessed the performance of a GPT-4o m... read more 
health informatics

Fully Homomorphic Collaborative Learning for Safe Cross-Healthcare Institution Development and Implementation of Foundation Models

medRxiv May 20, 2026
Foundation models (FMs) are powerful tools to allow the broad clinical application of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare systems, offering adaptability to different disease, modalities and clinical settings. However, FMs require large-scale d... read more 
ophthalmology

Can Artificial Intelligence Match Dermoscopy in Melanoma Detection? Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Pigmented Skin Lesions

medRxiv May 20, 2026
Accurate risk stratification of pigmented skin lesions is critical for early melanoma detection and for reducing unnecessary excisions. Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied to dermoscopic image analysis, but its diagnostic performance... read more 
dermatology

Automated identification of bolus types in modified barium swallow studies using deep learning: a preliminary study

medRxiv May 20, 2026
Purpose: Modified Barium Swallow (MBS) studies utilize videofluoroscopy, a dynamic X-ray technique for evaluating swallowing anatomy and physiology. Each MBS exam typically includes multiple bolus trials, often involving different bolus consistencies... read more 
radiology and imaging

Clonal haematopoiesis without identified genetic drivers: insights from analyses of 407,512 individuals

medRxiv May 20, 2026
Clonal haematopoiesis (CH) becomes ubiquitous as humans age. The role of somatic driver mutations in its development has been studied widely, but little is known about CH without identified genetic drivers, also known as "CH with unknown drivers" (CH... read more 
genetic and genomic medicine
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