Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 15,211 to 15,220 of 212,780 articles

Evaluating Reasoning Effect for LLMs: Prompt Sensitivity and Text-Image Based Performance in Musculoskeletal Radiology.

Studies in health technology and informatics May 21, 2026
Multimodal large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in radiology, but the effect of reasoning capabilities across text- and image-based tasks remains unclear. We evaluated four multimodal LLMs-two non-reasoning (ChatGPT-4, Gemini 1.5 Pro... read more 

Resource-Conscious Modeling for Next-Day Discharge Prediction Using Clinical Notes.

Studies in health technology and informatics May 21, 2026
Timely discharge prediction is important for surgical unit operations. Using 3,928 postoperative patient notes (32.2% positive), we compared TF-IDF models, sentence embeddings, and LoRA-fine-tuned small language models (SLMs). TF-IDF with LightGBM pe... read more 

Evaluating Large Language Models for Extracting Social Determinants of Health in Substance Use Disorder Notes.

Studies in health technology and informatics May 21, 2026
Automated extraction of social determinants of health (SDoH) may support earlier identification of unmet social needs and inform substance use disorder (SUD) care. This study provides preliminary evidence that few-shot prompting improves large langua... read more 

Evaluation over Generalist Large Language Models and Specialised Models for Clinical Risk Prediction.

Studies in health technology and informatics May 21, 2026
Large language models (LLMs) show promise in clinical applications but face accuracy limitations in disease risk prediction, especially for rare conditions. We evaluated ChatGPT and DeepSeek against task-specific models for cholangiocarcinoma (rare) ... read more 

From Discharge Letters to Process Traces with LLMs: A Human-in-the-Loop Pipeline.

Studies in health technology and informatics May 21, 2026
We present a modular human-in-the-loop pipeline that converts unstructured discharge letters into process-mining-ready event traces. The pipeline uses task-specific Large Language Model prompting to extract temporally ordered clinical events, followe... read more 

Quantifying Fidelity and Utility in Synthetic Healthcare Data.

Studies in health technology and informatics May 21, 2026
The scarcity of high-quality clinical datasets and strict privacy regulations remain major barriers to developing robust predictive models in healthcare. Generative models offer a promising solution by producing synthetic data (SD) that replicate rea... read more 

CUI-Curate: A Framework for Automated Clinical Concept Selection from the Unified Medical Language System.

Studies in health technology and informatics May 21, 2026
INTRODUCTION: Manual construction of UMLS concept sets is time-consuming and inconsistent across users. METHODS: CUI-Curate, a GPT-5 and graph-based retrieval framework, was developed to automate clinical concept set generation from UMLS source vocab... read more 

Towards a ModernBERT Model Adapted to the Biomedical Domain in Italian.

Studies in health technology and informatics May 21, 2026
We present bio-modernbert-ita, a domain-adapted Italian Modern-BERT model specialized for biomedical text. Given the scarcity of biomedical Italian data, we translated 22 million PubMed abstracts to obtain our training corpus. We then continued pre-t... read more 

Extracting Clinical Recommendations from Oncology Guidelines: An Exploratory Comparison of Automated Approaches.

Studies in health technology and informatics May 21, 2026
Recommendations from clinical practice guidelines are crucial for increasing patient care. We compare LLM/VLM-based extraction approaches against a rule set baseline. The results show that most recommendations can be extracted, but potential risk for... read more 

Assessing Clinical Decision-Making Aided by a RAG-Based Dialog in Pre-Examination on Non-Odontogenic Tooth Pain.

Studies in health technology and informatics May 21, 2026
Differentiating Non-Odontogenic Tooth Pain, a potential symptom of life-threatening conditions like Ischemic Heart Disease, is a critical challenge for dentists, as existing AI tools fail to support their decision-making. To address this, we develope... read more 
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