Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 16,501 to 16,510 of 213,568 articles

Computational Design of Novel Selective Phosphodiesterase 4B Inhibitors from Natural Products: An Integrated Machine Learning and Structure-Based Drug Discovery Approach

bioRxiv May 19, 2026
Abstract Selective inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) remains a promising strategy for preserving the anti-inflammatory benefit of PDE4 inhibition in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease while reducing PDE4D-associated tolerability liabiliti... read more 
bioinformatics

Modeling Complex Effects and Individual Variability in Multi-Paradigm fMRI with Nonlinear Mixed Models

bioRxiv May 19, 2026
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data are inherently complex, characterized by high dimensionality, intricate inter-regional dependencies, and substantial individual variability across experimental paradigms. Traditional linear mixed mode... read more 
bioengineering

Histopathology-inferred spatial transcriptomics characterizes the tumor microenvironment in 1,500 head and neck tumors and predicts clinical outcomes

bioRxiv May 19, 2026
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is a prevalent malignancy associated with poor prognosis despite recent therapeutic advances. We hypothesized that a comprehensive understanding of the spatial heterogeneity and organization of the tumor m... read more 
cancer biology

The cost of efficiency in flexible neural representations

bioRxiv May 19, 2026
Working memory depends on the flexible representation of stimulus information in neural activity, which changes dynamically depending on task. Stimulus transformations are thought to be efficient in use of neural resources and optimal for task perfor... read more 
neuroscience

Excitatory Dysfunction and Phenotypic Rescue in a Human Neuronal Model of SCN2A-Related Disorders

bioRxiv May 19, 2026
SCN2A-related disorders result from pathogenic variants in the gene encoding for the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.2. Collectively, these disorders result in variable age of onset epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder, and epileptic encephalopathies... read more 
neuroscience

Deep Learning of High-throughput Transcription Factor-DNA Binding Affinity Data: Quantitative Comparison with Pairwise-Additive Models

bioRxiv May 19, 2026
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression by binding to specific DNA sequences. Widely used models of TF-DNA binding, such as position weight matrices (PWMs) and position-specific affinity matrices (PSAMs), assume binding free energy is th... read more 
biophysics

Error-driven representation learning in the mesolimbic system

bioRxiv May 19, 2026
In reinforcement learning, an agent learns to map representations of the environment state to predictions of future reward. Most prior work in neuroscience has assumed a fixed representation and studied how reward prediction errors (thought to be con... read more 
neuroscience

A quantitative proteomics dataset for assessment and prediction of low dose X-ray radiation exposure in mice.

bioRxiv May 19, 2026
Ionizing radiation induces molecular responses that may be used to estimate exposure when physical dosimeters are unavailable. Here we present two large-scale proteomics datasets generated from mouse dorsal skin punch samples collected following cont... read more 
biochemistry

The microstructure-weighted human connectome: network properties and structure-function correlations across spatial scales

bioRxiv May 19, 2026
Conventional connectome edge weights, such as number of streamlines (NOS) or diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics, lack specificity to microstructural details which may hold relevance for macroscale brain organisation. Since biophysical diffusion m... read more 
neuroscience

Replicability of unsupervised deep learning derived image phenotypes

bioRxiv May 19, 2026
Unsupervised deep-learning image phenotypes derived from brain MRI are propelling imaging genetics to link brain structure to genetic variation. However, their replicability across data sets has not been sufficiently evaluated, raising questions abou... read more 
bioinformatics
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