Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 17,111 to 17,120 of 213,726 articles

Network toxicology and bioinformatics analysis predict potential molecular targets and mechanisms by which sevoflurane and propofol influence type 2 diabetes mellitus.

PloS one May 18, 2026
BACKGROUND: Sevoflurane and propofol are commonly used anesthetics that may exert pronounced effects on glucose metabolism and cardiovascular function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mecha... read more 

Large-scale cryptic proteome mining revealed potential phage-mediated host-pathogen genetic exchange in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

PloS one May 18, 2026
BACKGROUND: Due to inevitable evolution, clinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) exhibit distinct phenotypes and differ significantly from laboratory strains. This divergence is driven by the acquisition of diverse mutations, intragenomi... read more 

UST-Hand: An Uncertainty-aware Spatiotemporal Point Cloud Interaction Network for 3D Self-supervised Hand Pose Estimation

arXiv May 18, 2026
Manually annotating accurate 3D hand poses is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive. Existing self-supervised hand pose estimation methods leverage the discrepancy between input images and rendered outputs, or multi-view consistency constraint... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.HC

Unleashing Vision Transformer Potential In Image Quality Assessment via Global-Local Adaptive Interaction

arXiv May 18, 2026
In the field of Blind Image Quality Assessment (BIQA), accurately predicting the perceptual quality of authentically distorted images remains highly challenging due to the diverse and complex distortions present in natural environments. Although exis... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Memisis: Orchestrating and Evaluating Synthetic Data for Tabular Health Datasets

arXiv May 18, 2026
Synthetic data is widely used in healthcare to create datasets that are similar to original data but without the privacy concerns. Generating and evaluating synthetic data across privacy, utility and fairness is crucial for facilitating high quality ... read more 
Machine Learning

AURORA: Contextual Orthogonalization for Geometric Representation Learning in Healthcare Foundation Models

arXiv May 18, 2026
Recent healthcare foundation models have achieved strong predictive performance through large scale self supervised learning, yet their latent representations frequently entangle physiologic severity, intervention intensity, observational structure, ... read more 
Machine Learning

PlantPose: Universal Plant Skeleton Estimation via Tree-constrained Graph Generation

arXiv May 18, 2026
Accurate estimation of plant skeletal structures (e.g., branching structures) from images is essential for smart agriculture and plant science. Unlike human skeletons with fixed topology, plant skeleton estimation presents a unique challenge, i.e., e... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

When Accuracy Is Not Enough: Uncertainty Collapse between Noisy Label Learning and Out-of-Distribution Detection

arXiv May 18, 2026
Learning with noisy labels (LNL) is typically benchmarked by closed-set classification accuracy, yet deployment often requires classifiers to reject out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs. We present a learner-agnostic ACC-OOD benchmark that freezes LNL ch... read more 
Machine Learning cs.CV

Curriculum Group Policy Optimization: Adaptive Sampling for Unleashing the Potential of Text-to-Image Generation

arXiv May 18, 2026
Text-to-Image (T2I) generation has achieved remarkable progress in recent years. Meanwhile, reinforcement learning methods, particularly those based on Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), have attracted widespread attention and been successful... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.AI

CounterCount: A Diagnostic Framework for Counting Bias in Vision Language Models

arXiv May 18, 2026
Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at multimodal reasoning, yet it remains unclear whether their answers are grounded in visual evidence or driven by learned language and world priors. Counting provides a precise testbed: when visual evidence confli... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.AI
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