AI Medical Compendium

Clinical setting-dependent diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence and store-and-forward diabetic retinopathy screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

NPJ digital medicine May 15, 2026

Population-based diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening requires diagnostic strategies that optimize clinical utility by balancing missed disease against referral burden. We performed a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses ... read more

Osteoarthritis phenotypes: advancing precision medicine through clinical, structural, and molecular stratification.

International orthopaedics May 15, 2026

PURPOSE: Osteoarthritis (OA) is now understood as a heterogeneous syndrome driven by diverse biological, biomechanical, metabolic, genetic, and molecular mechanisms. This variability explains differences in disease progression and treatment response,... read more

Standardization of surgical gesture taxonomy: a SAGES Delphi consensus study.

Surgical endoscopy May 15, 2026

INTRODUCTION: Artificial intelligence (AI) for surgical workflow analysis often fails to generalize because surgical actions lack a standardized, fine-grained representation. Gesture-level "tokenization" of surgery, capturing instrument-tissue intera... read more

Technological Integration in Aesthetic Practice: A Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence, Augmented Reality and Robotics in Cosmetic Procedures.

Aesthetic plastic surgery May 15, 2026

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (AR), and robotics are rapidly transforming aesthetic practice. Despite their growing integration, evidence on their clinical applications, performance, and challenges in cosmetic procedures... read more

Admission blood pressure percentiles and in-hospital mortality in pediatric heart failure: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

World journal of pediatrics : WJP May 15, 2026

BACKGROUND: Pediatric heart failure (PHF) carries a high mortality burden, yet the prognostic value of admission blood pressure (BP) remains poorly defined, and evidence-based thresholds for risk stratification are lacking. METHODS: This retrospectiv... read more

Leveraging artificial intelligence to predict non-adherence to pediatric immunization schedules: a systematic review.

European journal of pediatrics May 15, 2026

UNLABELLED: Immunization is one of the most effective interventions to prevent infectious diseases. Identifying individuals at risk of non-adherence to immunization schedules could enable early interventions to improve coverage. With the increasing a... read more

Concordance of Large Language Model Recommendations with Multidisciplinary Heart Team Decisions in Coronary Revascularization and Aortic Valve Intervention: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis.

Cardiology and therapy May 15, 2026

INTRODUCTION: The multidisciplinary heart team (HT) remains the cornerstone of decision-making for complex cardiovascular disease. Large language models (LLMs) and other generative artificial intelligence models have recently emerged as potential dec... read more

Interpretable machine learning model integrating MRI-derived paraspinal muscle parameters for predicting new vertebral compression fractures after vertebral augmentation.

European radiology May 15, 2026

OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate interpretable machine learning (ML) models incorporating MRI-derived paraspinal muscle parameters to predict new vertebral compression fractures (NVCF) after vertebral augmentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This mult... read more

Development and validation of an explainable machine learning model using routine laboratory biomarkers for identifying prevalent MASLD: Evidence from two observational studies.

Clinical and experimental medicine May 15, 2026

Although many predictive models for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) have been developed, their performance remains suboptimal. We aimed to develop an interpretable machine learning (ML)-based plasma biomarker model fo... read more

HESpotEx: a dual-stream deep learning framework for spot-level gene expression prediction from histological images.

Nature computational science May 15, 2026

Whole-slide histopathological images (WSIs) constitute a fundamental approach in disease diagnosis and prognosis. Recently emerging spatial transcriptomics (ST) methods can reveal the spatial gene expression landscape behind the histopathological ima... read more

Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium