Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 19,901 to 19,910 of 215,899 articles

Systematic toxicological study of PFOS/PFOA co-exposure driving prostate cancer: Core target identification, TME immune remodeling, and combination drug prediction

bioRxiv May 12, 2026
Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), particularly perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), are persistent organic pollutants ubiquitous in the environment. Epidemiological evidence has closely linked them... read more 
pharmacology and toxicology

The illusion of interpretability in biologically informed neural networks

bioRxiv May 12, 2026
Biologically informed neural networks (BINNs), also known as visible neural networks (VNNs), are widely adopted in omics because their architectures mirror known biological structures, such as gene-to-pathway relationships, and are therefore often as... read more 
bioinformatics

ConvergeCELL: An end-to-end platform from patient transcriptomics to therapeutic hypotheses

bioRxiv May 12, 2026
Translating transcriptomic data into therapeutic hypotheses remains fragmented and labor-intensive. Here we present ConvergeCELL, a platform combining a patient representation model trained on over 20 million cells across 4,479 patients, an interpret... read more 
bioinformatics

Virtual screening and zebrafish phenotype-based evaluation argues against repurposing 4-phenylbutyrate for STXBP1-relateddisorders

bioRxiv May 12, 2026
Syntaxin-binding protein 1 (STXBP1) mutations lead to severe epilepsy, intellectual disability, developmental delay, and movement disorder. Effective treatments for these conditions do not exist. Recent studies in Munc18-1 (STXBP1) C.elegans models d... read more 
pharmacology and toxicology

Dual-view Guided Context-aware Network for Automated Bone Lesion Segmentation and Quantification in Whole-body SPECT

bioRxiv May 12, 2026
Whole-body SPECT bone scintigraphy reflects skeletal metabolic activity throughout the body and plays an indispensable role in the screening, treatment evaluation, and prognostic assessment of bone metastases in tumors. However, the automatic detecti... read more 
bioinformatics

ClaroAI-Bench: Evaluating Agentic Scientific Reproducibility on Real Biomedical Papers

bioRxiv May 12, 2026
We introduce ClaroAI-Bench, an evaluation suite for measuring AI agents' ability to reproduce computational findings from published biomedical research. The benchmark comprises 35 real NIH-funded papers spanning five modalities (genomics, imaging, cl... read more 
bioinformatics

Mechanisms Matter: Transportability of Cellular Perturbation Effects

bioRxiv May 12, 2026
Predicting cellular responses to genetic or chemical perturbations across biological contexts is central to drug development and disease understanding.Despite increases in data and model scale, deep learning models have not consistently outperformed ... read more 
bioinformatics

Structural brain networks shape individual-level progression of brain atrophy after stroke

bioRxiv May 12, 2026
Stroke starts as a focal vascular lesion, but its structural consequences often extend beyond the lesion site, resulting in distributed brain atrophy whose organizing principles remain unclear. Here, using longitudinal MRI data from two stroke cohort... read more 
neuroscience

Unified sampling framework and experimental benchmarking of sequence- and structure-based protein models

bioRxiv May 12, 2026
Generative models are increasingly used for protein design, but the lack of standardized evaluation frameworks limits comparison across model classes and hinders translation to experimental success. Here, we introduce a unified sampling and benchmark... read more 
bioinformatics

Corpus-wide causality: Algorithm design & application for aggregating gene-disease causal evidence

bioRxiv May 12, 2026
Identifying causal relationships, rather than mere associations, is essential for applications such as finding genes driving diseases and guiding drug discovery towards disease mechanisms rather than symptom management. Although many studies extract ... read more 
bioinformatics
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