Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 21,701 to 21,710 of 216,627 articles

Benchmarking and behavioral characterization of LLM agents for protein design

bioRxiv May 8, 2026
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents for scientific discovery, but standardized frameworks for evaluating their performance and behaviour in scientific workflows are lacking. Protein design provides a demanding test case b... read more 
bioengineering

UPhAIR: A Hybrid Pipeline for Generating Understandable Post-hoc AI Reports in Glioma IDH Mutation Status Prediction

medRxiv May 8, 2026
Clinical adoption of machine learning (ML) in medical imaging is limited by the lack of interpretability. To address this, we present understandable post-hoc artificial intelligence reports (UPhAIR), a pipeline designed to generate transparent, evide... read more 
health informatics

The Relatives Experience Questionnaire for Acute Inpatient Child and Adolescence Mental Health Services (REQ-AICAMHS): reliability and validity following a Norwegian survey

medRxiv May 8, 2026
Introduction: Adolescents with mental health disorders represent a vulnerable group with complex care needs, yet their and their relatives experiences in acute inpatient mental health services remain poorly understood. While patient-reported experien... read more 
health systems and quality improvement

Prompt-engineering improves clinical safety of large language models for opioid equipotency conversion

medRxiv May 8, 2026
Background: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in medical education and clinical decision-making, but their reliability in high-risk medication dosing remains unclear. Opioid rotation is a common task requiring precise calculations wh... read more 
pain medicine

An Explainable Deep Learning Framework for Imaging Genetics: Deriving Brain-Genotype Scores From MRI to Link Genetic Variation, Brain Structure, and Cognition

medRxiv May 8, 2026
Imaging genetics aims to understand how genetic variation influences brain structure and cognitive function. Traditional approaches often rely on imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs), which require high-dimensional brain images to be reduced to predefin... read more 
radiology and imaging

CT Attenuation Map Derived Body Composition Is Associated with Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Multicenter External Validation

medRxiv May 8, 2026
Aim: Exercise capacity is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular risk. In patients unable to exercise, body composition analysis can potentially be used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness. We developed a body composition fitness score, then valida... read more 
cardiovascular medicine

Automated Brain and CSF Volume Assessment in Infant Hydrocephalus Using Deep Learning

medRxiv May 8, 2026
Accurate brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume assessment is essential for pediatric hydrocephalus management. Current clinical practice relies on linear measurements that fail to capture complex three-dimensional ventricular morphology, while q... read more 
radiology and imaging

DentaCoPilot: An LLM-Augmented Next-Procedure Recommender for General Dentistry, Designed for Dentist Augmentation

medRxiv May 8, 2026
Background. Commercial dental artificial intelligence in 2026 is overwhelmingly diagnostic: caries, calculus, periapical, and bone-level detection on radiographs. The clinically harder question that follows every diagnosis-given a patient's chart and... read more 
dentistry and oral medicine

Simpler is not always better: Phylodynamic misspecification and deep-learning corrections

medRxiv May 8, 2026
Phylodynamics bridges the gap between epidemiology and pathogen genetic data by estimating epidemiological parameters from time-scaled pathogen phylogenies. Multi-type birth-death (MTBD) models are phylodynamic analogies of compartmental models in cl... read more 
epidemiology

Activity dynamics allow early discrimination of infection-related survival outcomes

bioRxiv May 8, 2026
Predicting transitions between health, disease, and death across biological systems remains an important challenge with significant implications for both ecological management and medical intervention. Although the principles underlying these transit... read more 
ecology
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