Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 21,811 to 21,820 of 216,627 articles

FREPix: Frequency-Heterogeneous Flow Matching for Pixel-Space Image Generation

arXiv May 7, 2026
Pixel-space diffusion has re-emerged as a promising alternative to latent-space generation because it avoids the representation bottleneck introduced by VAEs. Yet most existing methods still treat image generation as a frequency-homogeneous process, ... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.LG

Probabilistic Dating of Historical Manuscripts via Evidential Deep Regression on Visual Script Features

arXiv May 7, 2026
We introduce a probabilistic approach for dating historical manuscript pages from visual features alone. Instead of aggregating centuries into classes as is standard in the previous literature, we pose dating as an evidential deep regression problem ... read more 
Artificial Intelligence

Risk-Controlled Post-Processing of Decision Policies

arXiv May 7, 2026
Predictive models are often deployed through existing decision policies that stakeholders are reluctant to change unless a risk constraint requires intervention. We study risk-controlled post-processing: given a deterministic baseline policy, choose ... read more 
Machine Learning cs.LG math.ST

Patch-Effect Graph Kernels for LLM Interpretability

arXiv May 7, 2026
Mechanistic interpretability aims to reverse-engineer transformer computations by identifying causal circuits through activation patching. However, scaling these interventions across diverse prompts and task families produces high-dimensional, unstru... read more 
Artificial Intelligence cs.CL

3D MRI Image Pretraining via Controllable 2D Slice Navigation Task

arXiv May 7, 2026
Self-supervised pretraining has become the mainstream approach for learning MRI representations from unlabeled scans. However, most existing objectives still treat each scan primarily as static aggregations of slices, patches or volumes. We ask wheth... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.AI

MARBLE: Multi-Aspect Reward Balance for Diffusion RL

arXiv May 7, 2026
Reinforcement learning fine-tuning has become the dominant approach for aligning diffusion models with human preferences. However, assessing images is intrinsically a multi-dimensional task, and multiple evaluation criteria need to be optimized simul... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.LG

MedHorizon: Towards Long-context Medical Video Understanding in the Wild

arXiv May 7, 2026
Medical multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have advanced image understanding and short-video analysis, but real clinical review often requires full-procedure video understanding. Unlike general long videos, medical procedures contain highly red... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Diverse Sampling in Diffusion Models with Marginal Preserving Particle Guidance

arXiv May 7, 2026
We present EDDY (Exact-marginal Diversification via Divergence-free dYnamics), a guidance mechanism for diffusion and flow matching models that promotes diversity among samples generated while maintaining quality. EDDY exploits symmetries of the Fokk... read more 
Machine Learning

Feature Dimensionality Outweighs Model Complexity in Breast Cancer Subtype Classification Using TCGA-BRCA Gene Expression Data

arXiv May 7, 2026
Accurate classification of breast cancer subtypes from gene expression data is critical for diagnosis and treatment selection. However, such datasets are characterized by high dimensionality and limited sample size, posing challenges for machine lear... read more 
Machine Learning q-bio.GN

BRICKS: Compositional Neural Markov Kernels for Zero-Shot Radiation-Matter Simulation

arXiv May 7, 2026
We introduce a new strategy for compositional neural surrogates for radiation-matter interactions, a key task spanning domains from particle physics through nuclear and space engineering to medical physics. Exploiting the locality and the Markov natu... read more 
Machine Learning hep-ph
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