Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 23,331 to 23,340 of 217,176 articles

Representation learning from OCT images

arXiv May 4, 2026
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has become one of the most used imaging modality in ophthalmology. It provides high-resolution, non-invasive visualization of retinal microarchitecture. The automated analysis of OCT images through representation le... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.LG

Universal Smoothness via Bernstein Polynomials: A Constructive Approximation Approach for Activation Functions

arXiv May 4, 2026
The efficacy of deep neural networks is heavily reliant on the design of non-linear activation functions, yet existing approaches often struggle to balance optimization stability with computational efficiency. While piecewise linear functions offer i... read more 
Artificial Intelligence

Validation of an AI-based end-to-end model for prostate pathology using long-term archived routine samples

arXiv May 4, 2026
Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming a clinical tool for prostate pathology, but generalization across variations in sample preparation and preservation over prolonged time periods remains poorly understood. We evaluated GleasonAI, an end-to-end ... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.AI

TRACED: In vivo imaging of extracellular intrinsic diffusivity, tortuosity, cell size distribution and cell density in human glioma patients

arXiv May 4, 2026
The lack of analytical models describing diffusion time dependence at intermediate time scales in complex tissue microstructure limits the accurate quantification of extracellular diffusivity and tissue microstructure. We introduce TRACED, a biophysi... read more 
Medical Physics cs.LG eess.IV

Gradient-Gated DPO: Stabilizing Preference Optimization in Language Models

arXiv May 4, 2026
Preference optimization has become a central paradigm for aligning large language models with human feedback. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) simplifies reinforcement learning from human feedback by directly optimizing pairwise preferences, remo... read more 
Machine Learning

Rethinking Low-Light Image Enhancement: A Log-Domain Intensity--Chromaticity Decoupling Perspective

arXiv May 4, 2026
Explicit reconstruction constraints derived from the decoupled representation are further imposed to suppress abnormal channel amplification and chromatic noise. Experiments on LOLv2-Real, MIT-Adobe FiveK, and LSRW show that the proposed method achie... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

AutoFocus: Uncertainty-Aware Active Visual Search for GUI Grounding

arXiv May 4, 2026
Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have enabled autonomous GUI agents that translate natural language instructions into executable screen coordinates. However, grounding performance degrades in high-resolution interfaces, where dense layouts and small int... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Biological Spatial Priors Regularize Foundation Model Representations for Cross-Site MSI Generalization in Colorectal Cancer

arXiv May 4, 2026
Predicting microsatellite instability (MSI) status from routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) whole slide images (WSIs) offers a practical alternative to molecular testing, but models trained at one institution tend to generalize poorly to slides acqui... read more 
Image and Video Processing cs.CV

SAIL: Structure-Aware Interpretable Learning for Anatomy-Aligned Post-hoc Explanations in OCT

arXiv May 4, 2026
Optical coherence tomography (OCT), a commonly used retinal imaging modality, plays a central role in retinal disease diagnosis by providing high-resolution visualization of retinal layers. While deep learning (DL) has achieved expert-level accuracy ... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.AI

OphMAE: Bridging Volumetric and Planar Imaging with a Foundation Model for Adaptive Ophthalmological Diagnosis

arXiv May 4, 2026
The advent of foundation models has heralded a new era in medical artificial intelligence (AI), enabling the extraction of generalizable representations from large-scale unlabeled datasets. However, current ophthalmic AI paradigms are predominantly c... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.AI
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