Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 24,461 to 24,470 of 217,425 articles

Molecular Translators as a Computational Primitive for Biomarker Discovery: Learnability Gains Under Conserved Information Ceilings

bioRxiv Apr 30, 2026
Virtual molecular mapping systems such as MISO and GigaTIME introduce a potentially transformative primitive in computational pathology: translation of H\&E whole-slide images into biologically structured molecular representations, learned on paired ... read more 
bioinformatics

HF-125, a first-in-class computer-modeled novel inhibitor of Tribbles 2, for therapy of enzalutamide resistant, neuroendocrine prostate cancer.

bioRxiv Apr 30, 2026
Second generation antiandrogens, such as enzalutamide, are commonly prescribed to treat advanced prostate cancer. However, enzalutamide resistant prostate cancer (ERPC) invariably develops with more aggressive features. Management of ERPC is extremel... read more 
cancer biology

Multidimensional dynamics of object representations in the human visual system

bioRxiv Apr 30, 2026
Natural image representations are distributed across many dimensions of visual cortex activity, but little is known about how the multidimensional structure of these representations evolves over time following stimulus onset. Here we examined the tem... read more 
neuroscience

TxConformal: Controlling False Discoveries in AI-Driven Therapeutic Discovery

bioRxiv Apr 30, 2026
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming therapeutic discovery by scoring a large set of promising candidates and prioritizing a shortlist for further investigation. Quantifying the reliability of AI scores and preventing false positives among se... read more 
bioinformatics

Coherence from Context - Two-Point Neuron Models for Contextual Integration in Visual Information Processing

bioRxiv Apr 30, 2026
The integration of contextual information is crucial for coherent perception and cognition. The morphology and conductance properties of cortical pyramidal cells suggest that they operate as "two-point neurons" (TPNs), asymmetrically combining drivin... read more 
neuroscience

DrugPTM-Bench: A Large-Scale Dataset for Predictive Modeling of Drug-Induced Cell Type-Specific Protein Post-Translational Modifications

bioRxiv Apr 30, 2026
Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs), particularly phosphorylation, serve as the primary molecular switches that orchestrate cellular signaling and drug response. While PTM dysregulation is a hallmark of cancer and neurodegeneration, the l... read more 
systems biology

A Decade of Deep Learning-based Biomedical Image Segmentation

bioRxiv Apr 30, 2026
Biomedical image segmentation is a fundamental problem in computational biomedicine that aims to precisely delineate anatomical and biological structures, tissue types, or pathological regions in biomedical images. Accurate segmentation is essential ... read more 
bioengineering

Sniffing Shapes Dopamine Signals for Reward Prediction

bioRxiv Apr 30, 2026
Adaptive behaviors depend on predicting outcomes from sensory evidence. Dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) broadcast reward-prediction signals that guide learning. Yet the principles functionally coordinating information flow from i... read more 
neuroscience

NEURA: An agentic system for autonomous neuroimaging workflows

bioRxiv Apr 30, 2026
Neuroimaging is essential for studying the human brain; however, the deep interdisciplinary expertise required imposes a very high threshold, limiting its broader clinical and scientific applications. We introduce NEURA, a large language model (LLM)-... read more 
neuroscience

Fast learning, memorization and generalization: A computational characterization of sparse to dense hippocampal-cortical codes

bioRxiv Apr 30, 2026
Classic findings from neuropsychology and animal studies established the hippocampus as a key substrate for rapid learning and episodic memory, with the dentate gyrus exhibiting extreme sparse coding. Sparse coding has long been hypothesized to enabl... read more 
neuroscience
Popular Topics
Recent Journals