Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 27,681 to 27,690 of 218,939 articles

Entrenchment of germline amino-acid differences in antibody affinity maturation

bioRxiv Apr 23, 2026
Entrenchment - epistasis that locks in amino acid differences between homologous proteins, so each disfavors substitutions toward the other's state - has been demonstrated along individual protein lineages over deep evolutionary time. Antibodies offe... read more 
evolutionary biology

Aligned recordings of neural spiking activity and licking behavior in thirsty mice

bioRxiv Apr 23, 2026
Electrophysiological data, which serve as a biological signal that bridges neural activity and behavioral tasks, provide an innovative approach to neuroscience research. In this study, we constructed a dataset that contains over 2000 neurons across 1... read more 
neuroscience

GeneBench: Assessing AI Agents for Multi-Stage Inference Problems in Genomics and Quantitative Biology

bioRxiv Apr 23, 2026
We introduce GeneBench, a benchmark for AI agents on realistic multi-stage scientific data analysis in genetics and quantitative biology. Existing biology benchmarks mostly measure knowledge retrieval, execution of routine pipelines, or a single anal... read more 
genomics

Cross-Attention Over RNA And Protein Sequences Enables Generalizable Interaction Prediction

bioRxiv Apr 23, 2026
Computational predictions are essential to characterize the RNA-protein interaction landscape, yet a persistent gap between benchmark performance and practical utility suggests that current models have limited generalization capabilities. To address ... read more 
bioinformatics

Modular organization and selective motifs in the insula provide structural priors for efficient learning

bioRxiv Apr 23, 2026
The insular cortex (IC) integrates diverse sensory and interoceptive signals to support emotional and cognitive functions, exhibiting topologically functional distinctions. Although long-range pathways of the IC have been extensively mapped, the cont... read more 
neuroscience

Spectral envelopes of facial movements predict intention, cortical representations, and neural prosthetic control

bioRxiv Apr 23, 2026
Animals, including humans, use coordinated facial movements to sample the environment, ingest nutrients, and communicate. Rodents, in particular, produce rhythmic facial movements during spontaneous behavior and cognitive tasks. Measuring these movem... read more 
neuroscience

Drug or Pokemon? An analysis of the ability of large language models to discern fabricated medications

medRxiv Apr 23, 2026
Background Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in medication-related tasks despite limited evidence supporting their accuracy and safety. LLMs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks and may confabulate in response to fabricated informat... read more 
health informatics

MedSafe-Dx (v0): A Safety-Focused Benchmark for Evaluating LLMs in Clinical Diagnostic Decision Support

medRxiv Apr 23, 2026
MedSafe-Dx (v0), introduces a new safety-focused benchmark for evaluating large language models in clinical diagnostic decision support using a filtered subset of the DDx Plus dataset (N=250). MedSafe-Dx evaluates three dimensions: escalation sensiti... read more 
health informatics

Identify Patients at Risk of HIV Using a Clinical Large Language Model from Electronic Health Records

medRxiv Apr 23, 2026
This study developed a large language model (LLM)-based solution to identify people at HIV risk using electronic health records. We transformed structured EHR data, including demographics, diagnoses, and medications, into narrative descriptions order... read more 
hiv aids

CT-Based Deep Foundation Model for Predicting Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Pneumonitis Risk in Lung Cancer

medRxiv Apr 23, 2026
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy but can cause serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs), with pneumonitis (ICI-P) being among the most severe. Early identification of high-risk patients before IC... read more 
oncology
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