Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 29,781 to 29,790 of 219,931 articles

TwinTrack: Post-hoc Multi-Rater Calibration for Medical Image Segmentation

arXiv Apr 17, 2026
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) segmentation on contrast-enhanced CT is inherently ambiguous: inter-rater disagreement among experts reflects genuine uncertainty rather than annotation noise. Standard deep learning approaches assume a single ... read more 
Machine Learning

Evaluating quality in synthetic data generation for large tabular health datasets

arXiv Apr 17, 2026
There is no consensus in the field of synthetic data on concise metrics for quality evaluations or benchmarks on large health datasets, such as historical epidemiological data. This study presents an evaluation of seven recent models from major machi... read more 
Machine Learning

Topology-Driven Fusion of nnU-Net and MedNeXt for Accurate Brain Tumor Segmentation on Sub-Saharan Africa Dataset

arXiv Apr 17, 2026
Accurate automatic brain tumor segmentation in Low and Middle-Income (LMIC) countries is challenging due to the lack of defined national imaging protocols, diverse imaging data, extensive use of low-field Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners and... read more 
Image and Video Processing cs.CV cs.LG

TwoHamsters: Benchmarking Multi-Concept Compositional Unsafety in Text-to-Image Models

arXiv Apr 17, 2026
Despite the remarkable synthesis capabilities of text-to-image (T2I) models, safeguarding them against content violations remains a persistent challenge. Existing safety alignments primarily focus on explicit malicious concepts, often overlooking the... read more 
Cryptography and Security cs.CV

IA-CLAHE: Image-Adaptive Clip Limit Estimation for CLAHE

arXiv Apr 17, 2026
This paper proposes image-adaptive contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (IA-CLAHE). Conventional CLAHE is widely used to boost the performance of various computer vision tasks and to improve visual quality for human perception in practica... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Breakout-picker: Reducing false positives in deep learning-based borehole breakout characterization from acoustic image logs

arXiv Apr 17, 2026
Borehole breakouts are stress-induced spalling on the borehole wall, which are identifiable in acoustic image logs as paired zones with near-symmetry azimuths, low acoustic amplitudes, and increased borehole radius. Accurate breakout characterization... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.SD physics.geo-ph

AstroVLM: Expert Multi-agent Collaborative Reasoning for Astronomical Imaging Quality Diagnosis

arXiv Apr 17, 2026
Vision Language Models (VLMs) have been applied to several specific domains and have shown strong problem-solving capabilities. However, astronomical imaging, a quite complex problem involving multidisciplinary knowledge and several subtasks, has not... read more 
Multiagent Systems cs.CV

Ranking XAI Methods for Head and Neck Cancer Outcome Prediction

arXiv Apr 17, 2026
For head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, prognostic outcome prediction can support personalized treatment strategy selection. Improving prediction performance of HNC outcomes has been extensively explored by using advanced artificial intelligence (AI... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition physics.data-an

Chain-of-Thought Degrades Visual Spatial Reasoning Capabilities of Multimodal LLMs

arXiv Apr 17, 2026
Multimodal Reasoning Models (MRMs) leveraging Chain-of-Thought (CoT) based thinking have revolutionized mathematical and logical problem-solving. However, we show that this paradigm struggles with generalized spatial intelligence. We perform a compre... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.AI

TableSeq: Unified Generation of Structure, Content, and Layout

arXiv Apr 17, 2026
We present TableSeq, an image-only, end-to-end framework for joint table structure recognition, content recognition, and cell localization. The model formulates these tasks as a single sequence-generation problem: one decoder produces an interleaved ... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
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