Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 38,131 to 38,140 of 223,469 articles

Implementation of Human-in-the-Loop ChatGPT-based Patient Screening Across Multiple Diverse Clinical Trials

medRxiv Mar 27, 2026
Purpose: Manual screening for trial eligibility is inefficient and costly. We prospectively evaluated a large language model (LLM)-assisted prescreening workflow across multiple active trials. Methods: We deployed a retrieval-augmented generation LLM... read more 
health informatics

Machine learning-based advanced coronary artery disease pretest probability model: Comparison with conventional pretest probability models

medRxiv Mar 27, 2026
Background: Pretest probability (PTP) models using clinical risk factors guide decision-making for coronary artery disease (CAD). Existing models (Updated Diamond-Forrester [UDF] and CAD Consortium [CAD2]) exhibit suboptimal predictive efficacy in As... read more 
cardiovascular medicine

The false positive paradox: Examining real-world clinical predictive performance of FDA-authorized AI devices for radiology using clinical prevalence

medRxiv Mar 27, 2026
The present study evaluates the real-world clinical predictive performance of FDA-authorized artificial intelligence (AI) devices used in radiology, focusing on the false positive paradox (FPP) and its implications for clinical practice. To do this, ... read more 
radiology and imaging

HealthFormer: Dual-level time-aware Transformers for irregular electronic health record events

medRxiv Mar 27, 2026
Longitudinal electronic health records (EHRs) form irregular event sequences that mix multiple clinical coding systems and care settings. Learning transferable patient representations requires modeling both within-encounter code composition and long-... read more 
health informatics

Identification of Suicide-Related Subgroups Using Latent Class Analysis: Complementary Insights to Explainable AI-Based Classification

medRxiv Mar 27, 2026
Purpose: Suicide and self-harm are major public health concerns characterized by substantial clinical and psychosocial heterogeneity. While latent class analysis has been used to identify subgroups of people with suicidal behavior, the extent to whic... read more 
psychiatry and clinical psychology

Social, economic, and environmental disparities in device-measured 24-hour movement behaviours in a nationally representative cohort of older English adults

medRxiv Mar 27, 2026
Abstract Background: Insufficient physical activity, excessive sedentary time, and suboptimal sleep are linked to premature mortality and chronic disease and may contribute to social inequalities in health, but most evidence is self-reported. Device-... read more 
public and global health

Federated Learning Performance Depends on Site Variation in Global HIV Data Consortia

medRxiv Mar 27, 2026
Digital health technologies, including machine learning (ML), are transforming infectious disease management, however ML models for HIV care have been limited by data sharing restrictions that prevent multi-site collaboration. Federated Learning (FL)... read more 
health informatics

Bone2Gene: Next-generation Phenotyping of Rare Bone Diseases

medRxiv Mar 27, 2026
Background: Diagnosing the over 700 known rare bone diseases (RBDs) is inherently challenging and often requires extensive time and multiple clinical visits. Effective treatment, particularly for RBDs with approved therapies, depends on early and pre... read more 
genetic and genomic medicine

Narcolepsy Revolution - Protocol and Methodology A diagnostic accuracy study protocol using the Dreem 3 headband for ambulatory diagnosis of narcolepsy in children and young adults

medRxiv Mar 27, 2026
Background Narcolepsy is a rare, lifelong neurological disorder that often begins in childhood or adolescence. Diagnosis is frequently delayed because current diagnostic testing relies on specialist in-patient sleep investigations: overnight polysomn... read more 
health systems and quality improvement

Classification of Recurrence Status After Surgical Treatment of Chronic Subdural Hemorrhage - A Machine Learning Approach

medRxiv Mar 27, 2026
Background Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) recurrence requiring reoperation occurs in 5-33% of cases, representing a substantial clinical and economic burden. The ability to predict recurrence could enable risk-stratified surveillance protocols, pot... read more 
neurology
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