Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 3,981 to 3,990 of 203,626 articles

Category selectivity observed in the human brain is distinct from category selectivity observed in artificial neural networks

bioRxiv Jun 2, 2026
Category selectivity for images of faces, scenes, and bodies is among the most striking and reproducible findings in vision neuroscience. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) trained on visual tasks also develop category-selective units, which has led t... read more 
neuroscience

Physics-guided design of intrinsically disordered proteins

bioRxiv Jun 2, 2026
Intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDPs) are found across the tree of life and characterized by the lack of a stable 3D fold, encoding function through a vast ensemble of conformations. This plasticity makes rational design of IDPs challenging... read more 
biophysics

SNV and indel error modeling of deep targeted cell-free DNA sequencing data for sensitive detection of circulating tumor DNA in colorectal cancer

bioRxiv Jun 2, 2026
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a promising biomarker for cancer detection, but low tumor burden makes it difficult to distinguish true signal from background noise. To aggregate and better evaluate weak mutational signals, we propose PyDREAMS, whic... read more 
bioinformatics

Equitable Health Intelligence: An Open Benchmark of Multi-Population Machine Learning for Omics-Based Cancer Prognosis

bioRxiv Jun 2, 2026
Purpose: Machine learning (ML) models for omics-based cancer prognosis are often trained on data from predominantly European-ancestry populations, producing biased predictions for other populations and undermining equitable genomic medicine. Existing... read more 
bioinformatics

Deciphering functional dark matter: Machine and deep learning-based processing of protein embeddings enables targeted function discoveries

bioRxiv Jun 2, 2026
The ever-expanding catalogue of uncharacterized proteins - the so called functional dark matter - poses a major challenge for biotechnological and biomedical exploitation. Functional assessment of most proteins is hindered by the technical limitation... read more 
bioinformatics

A Pan-Cancer Multi-Omic SuperLearner for Regulated Cell Death Survival Topologies

bioRxiv Jun 2, 2026
Introduction: Regulated cell death (RCD) pathways profoundly influence tumor progression and immune modulation. In prior work, we constructed a comprehensive database mapping 25 forms of RCD across seven multi-omic layers encompassing 33 tumor types ... read more 
bioinformatics

Bridging Ancestry Gaps in Genomic Risk Prediction with Tabular Foundation Models

bioRxiv Jun 2, 2026
Motivation: Models deployed for genomic prediction of diseases perform unevenly across populations, limiting clinical utility. Two factors drive this limitation: large imbalances in sample availability across ancestry groups and non-stationarity of g... read more 
bioinformatics

A Deep Learning-Based Predictive Algorithm for Metabolic Syndrome Detection in the U.S. Population

medRxiv Jun 2, 2026
Objective To develop clinically operational, population-representative risk-score models for detecting metabolic syndrome (MetS) in U.S. adults by incorporating the NHANES survey design. Research Design and Methods We analyzed 36,812 U.S. adults from... read more 
endocrinology

Explainable AI and public reactions to AI-involved adverse diagnostic events: a vignette study

medRxiv Jun 2, 2026
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly incorporated into diagnostic decision-making, raising questions about physician responsibility following AI-involved adverse diagnostic events. Explainable AI (XAI) has been proposed to improve transparenc... read more 
health informatics

Combined values alignment and epistemic verification prevent delusional reinforcement in conversational AI agents

medRxiv Jun 2, 2026
Conversational AI is being deployed into medical decision support, mental-health triage, and social companionship, where reinforcement of a user's false or delusional belief can cause direct harm. Most deployed safety techniques are evaluated for fac... read more 
health informatics
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