Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 54,511 to 54,520 of 226,183 articles

iSight: Towards expert-AI co-assessment for improved immunohistochemistry staining interpretation

arXiv Feb 3, 2026
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) provides information on protein expression in tissue sections and is commonly used to support pathology diagnosis and disease triage. While AI models for H\&E-stained slides show promise, their applicability to IHC is limit... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Stroke Lesions as a Rosetta Stone for Language Model Interpretability

arXiv Feb 3, 2026
Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable capabilities, yet methods to verify which model components are truly necessary for language function remain limited. Current interpretability approaches rely on internal metrics and lack external ... read more 
Machine Learning cs.CL

Efficient Subgroup Analysis via Optimal Trees with Global Parameter Fusion

arXiv Feb 3, 2026
Identifying and making statistical inferences on differential treatment effects (commonly known as subgroup analysis in clinical research) is central to precision health. Subgroup analysis allows practitioners to pinpoint populations for whom a treat... read more 
Machine Learning cs.LG

Rare Event Early Detection: A Dataset of Sepsis Onset for Critically Ill Trauma Patients

arXiv Feb 3, 2026
Sepsis is a major public health concern due to its high morbidity, mortality, and cost. Its clinical outcome can be substantially improved through early detection and timely intervention. By leveraging publicly available datasets, machine learning (M... read more 
Machine Learning

Weighted Sum-of-Trees Model for Clustered Data

arXiv Feb 3, 2026
Clustered data, which arise when observations are nested within groups, are incredibly common in clinical, education, and social science research. Traditionally, a linear mixed model, which includes random effects to account for within-group correlat... read more 
Methodology cs.LG

SRA-Seg: Synthetic to Real Alignment for Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation

arXiv Feb 3, 2026
Synthetic data, an appealing alternative to extensive expert-annotated data for medical image segmentation, consistently fails to improve segmentation performance despite its visual realism. The reason being that synthetic and real medical images exi... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Synthetic Data Augmentation for Medical Audio Classification: A Preliminary Evaluation

arXiv Feb 3, 2026
Medical audio classification remains challenging due to low signal-to-noise ratios, subtle discriminative features, and substantial intra-class variability, often compounded by class imbalance and limited training data. Synthetic data augmentation ha... read more 
Sound cs.AI cs.LG

TRACE: Temporal Radiology with Anatomical Change Explanation for Grounded X-ray Report Generation

arXiv Feb 3, 2026
Temporal comparison of chest X-rays is fundamental to clinical radiology, enabling detection of disease progression, treatment response, and new findings. While vision-language models have advanced single-image report generation and visual grounding,... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Dynamic High-frequency Convolution for Infrared Small Target Detection

arXiv Feb 3, 2026
Infrared small targets are typically tiny and locally salient, which belong to high-frequency components (HFCs) in images. Single-frame infrared small target (SIRST) detection is challenging, since there are many HFCs along with targets, such as brig... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Aligning Forest and Trees in Images and Long Captions for Visually Grounded Understanding

arXiv Feb 3, 2026
Large vision-language models such as CLIP struggle with long captions because they align images and texts as undifferentiated wholes. Fine-grained vision-language understanding requires hierarchical semantics capturing both global context and localiz... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.AI cs.LG
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