Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 55,371 to 55,380 of 226,647 articles

DoubleTake: Contrastive Reasoning for Faithful Decision-Making in Medical Imaging

arXiv Feb 2, 2026
Accurate decision making in medical imaging requires reasoning over subtle visual differences between confusable conditions, yet most existing approaches rely on nearest neighbor retrieval that returns redundant evidence and reinforces a single hypot... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.LG

Controlled disagreement improves generalization in decentralized training

arXiv Feb 2, 2026
Decentralized training is often regarded as inferior to centralized training because the consensus errors between workers are thought to undermine convergence and generalization, even with homogeneous data distributions. This work challenges this vie... read more 
Machine Learning cs.DC

A Random Matrix Theory Perspective on the Consistency of Diffusion Models

arXiv Feb 2, 2026
Diffusion models trained on different, non-overlapping subsets of a dataset often produce strikingly similar outputs when given the same noise seed. We trace this consistency to a simple linear effect: the shared Gaussian statistics across splits alr... read more 
Machine Learning cs.AI cs.CV stat.ML

Weighted Temporal Decay Loss for Learning Wearable PPG Data with Sparse Clinical Labels

arXiv Feb 2, 2026
Advances in wearable computing and AI have increased interest in leveraging PPG for health monitoring over the past decade. One of the biggest challenges in developing health algorithms based on such biosignals is the sparsity of clinical labels, whi... read more 
Machine Learning

A Multi-scale Linear-time Encoder for Whole-Slide Image Analysis

arXiv Feb 2, 2026
We introduce Multi-scale Adaptive Recurrent Biomedical Linear-time Encoder (MARBLE), the first \textit{purely Mamba-based} multi-state multiple instance learning (MIL) framework for whole-slide image (WSI) analysis. MARBLE processes multiple magnific... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.AI cs.LG q-bio.TO

A Reproducible Framework for Bias-Resistant Machine Learning on Small-Sample Neuroimaging Data

arXiv Feb 2, 2026
We introduce a reproducible, bias-resistant machine learning framework that integrates domain-informed feature engineering, nested cross-validation, and calibrated decision-threshold optimization for small-sample neuroimaging data. Conventional cross... read more 
Machine Learning cs.CV q-bio.NC q-bio.QM

Training-Free Self-Correction for Multimodal Masked Diffusion Models

arXiv Feb 2, 2026
Masked diffusion models have emerged as a powerful framework for text and multimodal generation. However, their sampling procedure updates multiple tokens simultaneously and treats generated tokens as immutable, which may lead to error accumulation w... read more 
Machine Learning cs.LG

MarkCleaner: High-Fidelity Watermark Removal via Imperceptible Micro-Geometric Perturbation

arXiv Feb 2, 2026
Semantic watermarks exhibit strong robustness against conventional image-space attacks. In this work, we show that such robustness does not survive under micro-geometric perturbations: spatial displacements can remove watermarks by breaking the phase... read more 
Image and Video Processing cs.AI cs.CR cs.CV

RAPT: Model-Predictive Out-of-Distribution Detection and Failure Diagnosis for Sim-to-Real Humanoid Robots

arXiv Feb 2, 2026
Deploying learned control policies on humanoid robots is challenging: policies that appear robust in simulation can execute confidently in out-of-distribution (OOD) states after Sim-to-Real transfer, leading to silent failures that risk hardware dama... read more 
Robotics cs.LG

The Inlet Rank Collapse in Implicit Neural Representations: Diagnosis and Unified Remedy

arXiv Feb 2, 2026
Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) have revolutionized continuous signal modeling, yet they struggle to recover fine-grained details within finite training budgets. While empirical techniques, such as positional encoding (PE), sinusoidal activati... read more 
Machine Learning
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