Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 58,221 to 58,230 of 227,634 articles

Automated Intracranial Thrombus Segmentation from CT Images of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Dual-Channel nnU-Net Approach with Uncertainty Quantification

medRxiv Jan 25, 2026
Background: Automated thrombus segmentation on CT imaging could enable routine extraction of clot volume and other biomarkers in large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke, but current deep learning models provide deterministic masks without indicating when... read more 
neurology

A retrieval-augmented generation large language model framework for accurate dementia identification from electronic health records

medRxiv Jan 25, 2026
Objective Accurate and scalable disease phenotyping from electronic health records (EHRs) is foundational for predictive modeling and precision medicine. Traditional rule- and keyword-based approaches are limited by inconsistent documentation and ina... read more 
health informatics

A Hybrid Rule-Based and Deep Learning Framework for Ventilator Waveform Segmentation and Delineation

medRxiv Jan 25, 2026
Accurate assessment of patient-ventilator interaction is critical for optimizing respiratory support and detecting harmful dyssynchronies linked to adverse outcomes, including ventilator-induced lung injury and prolonged ICU stays. This requires prec... read more 
respiratory medicine

SpatialDINO: A Self-Supervised 3D Vision Transformer that enables Segmentation and Tracking in Crowded Cellular Environments

bioRxiv Jan 25, 2026
Quantitative, time-resolved 3D fluorescence microscopy can reveal complex cellular dynamics in living cells and tissues. Broader use remains limited by the difficulty of identifying, segmenting, and tracking objects of different size and shape in cro... read more 
cell biology

NanoSimFormer: An end-to-end Transformer-based simulator for nanopore sequencing signal data

bioRxiv Jan 25, 2026
Nanopore sequencing has achieved a new standard of accuracy with the advent of R10.4.1 flow cell and high-performance Transformer-based basecalling models. However, existing signal simulators often fail to capture the complex, non-linear dynamics of ... read more 
bioinformatics

Population-Scale Analysis of Frequency-Dependent Calcium Dynamics in Retinal Ganglion Cells Under Electric Field Stimulation

bioRxiv Jan 25, 2026
Electric field (EF) stimulation is an emerging neuromodulatory strategy for promoting the repair and functional recovery of degenerated neural networks in neurodegenerative conditions such as glaucoma. EF stimulation therapeutic potential is thought ... read more 
bioengineering

Surf2Spot: A Surface-Informed Geometry-Aware Model for Predicting Binder and Nanobody Design Hotspots

bioRxiv Jan 25, 2026
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and nanobody-antigen interactions (NAIs) play essential roles in cellular function, yet accurate hotspot prediction remains challenging. We present Surf2Spot, a deep learning framework that integrates sequence embe... read more 
bioinformatics

IGF-like growth factors that couple food sensing to developmental decisions employ different release mechanisms in a single pair of C. elegans chemosensory neurons

bioRxiv Jan 25, 2026
Sensory neurons modulate organismal physiology and behavior in part by releasing neuropeptides and neurotrophins or growth factors, via the dense core vesicle (DCV) pathway. The precise matching of the sensory input to the identity of released vesicl... read more 
cell biology

FoldVision: A compute-efficient atom-level 3D protein encoder

bioRxiv Jan 25, 2026
Protein function emerges from three-dimensional structure, yet many large-scale protein prediction pipelines still rely solely on linear sequence embeddings. Although multiple structure-aware protein networks have been proposed, they often omit atom-... read more 
biochemistry

The marine microbiome can accurately predict its chemical and biological environment

bioRxiv Jan 25, 2026
The microbiome responds to physicochemical changes in the environment, making it a sensitive indicator of ecosystem status. Monitoring microbial communities in aquatic systems is therefore essential for understanding ecosystem health and responses to... read more 
microbiology
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