Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 62,931 to 62,940 of 230,760 articles

Neural signatures of model-based and model-free reinforcement learning across prefrontal cortex and striatum

bioRxiv Jan 18, 2026
Animals integrate knowledge about how the state of the environment evolves to choose actions that maximise reward. Such goal-directed behaviour - or model-based (MB) reinforcement learning (RL) - can flexibly adapt choice to changes, being thus disti... read more 
neuroscience

Normal Breast Tissue (NBT)-Classifiers: Advancing Compartment Classification in Normal Breast Histology

bioRxiv Jan 18, 2026
Background: Cancer research emphasises early detection, yet quantitative methods for analysing normal tissue remain limited. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained tissues in digitised whole slide images (WSIs) enable computational histopathology; howev... read more 
pathology

Utilizing the Score of Data Distribution for Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection

arXiv Jan 18, 2026
Hyperspectral images (HSIs) are a type of image that contains abundant spectral information. As a type of real-world data, the high-dimensional spectra in hyperspectral images are actually determined by only a few factors, such as chemical compositio... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Multimodal Spatial Omics: From Data Acquisition to Computational Integration

arXiv Jan 18, 2026
Recent developments in spatial omics technologies have enabled the generation of high dimensional molecular data, such as transcriptomes, proteomes, and epigenomes, within their spatial tissue context, either through coprofiling on the same slice or ... read more 
Quantitative Methods q-bio.BM q-bio.GN

A Hierarchical Benchmark of Foundation Models for Dermatology

arXiv Jan 18, 2026
Foundation models have transformed medical image analysis by providing robust feature representations that reduce the need for large-scale task-specific training. However, current benchmarks in dermatology often reduce the complex diagnostic taxonomy... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Beyond the Dirac Delta: Mitigating Diversity Collapse in Reinforcement Fine-Tuning for Versatile Image Generation

arXiv Jan 18, 2026
Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for fine-tuning large-scale generative models, such as diffusion and flow models, to align with complex human preferences and user-specified tasks. A fundamental limitation remains \texti... read more 
Machine Learning cs.AI

Weaknesses of Facial Emotion Recognition Systems

arXiv Jan 18, 2026
Emotion detection from faces is one of the machine learning problems needed for human-computer interaction. The variety of methods used is enormous, which motivated an in-depth review of articles and scientific studies. Three of the most interesting ... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.AI

Explainable Machine Learning for Pediatric Dental Risk Stratification Using Socio-Demographic Determinants

arXiv Jan 18, 2026
Background: Pediatric dental disease remains one of the most prevalent and inequitable chronic health conditions worldwide. Although strong epidemiological evidence links oral health outcomes to socio-economic and demographic determinants, most artif... read more 
Machine Learning cs.AI

HOT-POT: Optimal Transport for Sparse Stereo Matching

arXiv Jan 18, 2026
Stereo vision between images faces a range of challenges, including occlusions, motion, and camera distortions, across applications in autonomous driving, robotics, and face analysis. Due to parameter sensitivity, further complications arise for ster... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition math.OC

Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning with Verifiable Fairness Guarantees

arXiv Jan 18, 2026
Federated learning enables collaborative model training across distributed institutions without centralizing sensitive data; however, ensuring algorithmic fairness across heterogeneous data distributions while preserving privacy remains fundamentally... read more 
Cryptography and Security cs.CL cs.CV
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