Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 63,691 to 63,700 of 230,801 articles

Aesthetics as Structural Harm: Algorithmic Lookism Across Text-to-Image Generation and Classification

arXiv Jan 15, 2026
This paper examines algorithmic lookism-the systematic preferential treatment based on physical appearance-in text-to-image (T2I) generative AI and a downstream gender classification task. Through the analysis of 26,400 synthetic faces created with S... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.AI cs.CY

AI Agents Need Memory Control Over More Context

arXiv Jan 15, 2026
AI agents are increasingly used in long, multi-turn workflows in both research and enterprise settings. As interactions grow, agent behavior often degrades due to loss of constraint focus, error accumulation, and memory-induced drift. This problem is... read more 
Neurons and Cognition cs.LG cs.MA

PSSI-MaxST: An Efficient Pixel-Segment Similarity Index Using Intensity and Smoothness Features for Maximum Spanning Tree Based Segmentation

arXiv Jan 15, 2026
Interactive graph-based segmentation methods partition an image into foreground and background regions with the aid of user inputs. However, existing approaches often suffer from high computational costs, sensitivity to user interactions, and degrade... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Zeros can be Informative: Masked Binary U-Net for Image Segmentation on Tensor Cores

arXiv Jan 15, 2026
Real-time image segmentation is a key enabler for AR/VR, robotics, drones, and autonomous systems, where tight accuracy, latency, and energy budgets must be met on resource-constrained edge devices. While U-Net offers a favorable balance of accuracy ... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.LG

LTV-YOLO: A Lightweight Thermal Object Detector for Young Pedestrians in Adverse Conditions

arXiv Jan 15, 2026
Detecting vulnerable road users (VRUs), particularly children and adolescents, in low light and adverse weather conditions remains a critical challenge in computer vision, surveillance, and autonomous vehicle systems. This paper presents a purpose-bu... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

ATN Classification and Machine-Learned Plasma Biomarker Phenotypes Reveal Distinct Alzheimer's Pathology in a Population-Based Cohort

medRxiv Jan 15, 2026
BackgroundThe ATN (Amyloid/Tau/Neurodegeneration) framework provides a theory-driven approach to Alzheimers disease (AD) classification using binary biomarker cutoffs, while unsupervised machine learning offers data-driven phenotyping. The concordanc... read more 
neurology

Onco-Seg: Adapting Promptable Concept Segmentation for Multi-Modal Medical Imaging

medRxiv Jan 15, 2026
Medical image segmentation remains a critical bottleneck in clinical workflows, from diagnostic radiology to radiation oncology treatment planning. We present Onco-Seg, a medical imaging adaptation of Metas Segment Anything Model 3 (SAM3) that levera... read more 
oncology

Suicide- and crisis-risk detection using large language models in mental-health chatbots

medRxiv Jan 15, 2026
ObjectiveLarge language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in mental-health chatbots, yet safe deployment is limited by two unresolved challenges: (1) suicide- and crisis-risk detection lacks a definitive ground truth and is characterized by sub... read more 
psychiatry and clinical psychology

A Theoretical Framework for Quantifying Tumour Resistance to Standardized Treatments: A Novel Rudimentary Scalar Mathematical Model with Implications for Breast Cancer Prognosis and Treatment.

medRxiv Jan 15, 2026
BackgroundPrecision oncology relies heavily on genomic profiling and artificial intelligence to predict therapeutic response in breast cancer. However, in low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs), these expensive modalities are inaccessible; forcing cl... read more 
oncology

Deep learning enables diagnosis of atrial cardiomyopathy from routine 12-lead electrocardiogram

medRxiv Jan 15, 2026
BackgroundAtrial cardiomyopathy (AtCM) is both a cause and a consequence of atrial fibrillation and flutter (AF) and can lead to ischemic stroke. Imaging derived left atrial (LA) structure and function are used to diagnose AtCM. Considering the tight... read more 
cardiovascular medicine
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