Understanding the Levels of Evidence in Medical Research.

Journal: Journal of orthopaedic case reports
Published Date: May 1, 2025

Abstract

The advancement of evidence-based medicine (EBM) depends on the evidence hierarchy, a framework for classifying research approaches according to their dependability and quality. It dates back to the middle of the 20th century and classifies techniques such as expert opinions, case reports, randomized controlled trials, and systematic reviews. However, problems such as prejudice and moral constraints still exist. Evidence paradigms are being redefined by emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and real-world data. This calls for dynamic hierarchies that include many forms of evidence. High-quality data are essential for developing flexible frameworks for contemporary medicine and influencing clinical guidelines, public health regulations, and educational initiatives.

Authors

  • Arvind Vatkar
    Department of Orthopaedics, MGM Medical college, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, India.
  • Sachin Kale
    Department of Orthopaedics, Dr D Y Patil School of Medicine, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, India.
  • Ashok Shyam
    Indian Orthopaedic Research Group, Thane, Maharashtra, India.
  • Sushant Srivastava
    Department of Orthopaedics, Mata Gujri Memorial Medical College and Lions Seva Kendra Hospital, Kishanganj, India.

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