Phenomenological psychopathology meets machine learning: A multicentric retrospective study (Mu.St.A.R.D.) targeting the role of Aberrant Salience assessment in psychosis detection.

Journal: Schizophrenia research
Published Date: May 8, 2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The Aberrant Salience (AS) model conceptualizes psychosis onset as the altered attribution of salience to neutral stimuli. The Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI), a psychometric tool, measures this phenomenon. This study utilized a multi-center, multi-country retrospective dataset to refine the ASI's screening capabilities using decision tree (DT) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) models. By integrating machine learning approaches with practical screening utility and phenomenological insights, this work advances understanding of psychosis development and its mechanisms.

Authors

  • Giuseppe Pierpaolo Merola
    Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Andrea Patti
    Eating Disorder Clinic "Residenza Gruber", Bologna, Italy; Santagostino Medical Center, Bologna, Italy.
  • Giovanni Catania
    Department of Theoretical Physics, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
  • Ottone Baccaredda Boy
    Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Ilaria Noschese
    Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. Electronic address: ilaria.noschese@unifi.it.
  • Ángela Rosales Becerra
    Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
  • Salvador Perona Garcelán
    Mental Health Service, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain.
  • Celia Ceballos Munuera
    Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
  • Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Testal
    Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
  • Giorgio Di Lorenzo
    Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
  • Federico Fiori Nastro
    Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
  • Michele Ribolsi
    Psychiatry Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
  • Andrea Escelsior
    Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal-Child Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
  • Lorenzo Pelizza
    Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
  • Lorenzo Lelli
    Independent Practitioner, Private Practice, Pistoia, Italy.
  • John G Kerns
    Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
  • David Colin Cicero
    Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
  • Andrea Ballerini
    Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Giovanni Castellini
    Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Valdo Ricca
    Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

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