Comparing large language models for antibiotic prescribing in different clinical scenarios: which performs better?

Journal: Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Published Date: Mar 19, 2025

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Large language models (LLMs) show promise in clinical decision-making, but comparative evaluations of their antibiotic prescribing accuracy are limited. This study assesses the performance of various LLMs in recommending antibiotic treatments across diverse clinical scenarios.

Authors

  • Andrea De Vito
    Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Sassari, Italy. Electronic address: andreadevitoaho@gmail.com.
  • Nicholas Geremia
    Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine, Ospedale dell'Angelo, Venice, Italy; Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine, Ospedale Civile S.S. Giovanni e Paolo, Venice, Italy.
  • Davide Fiore Bavaro
    Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Infectious Diseases Unit - Department of Biomedical Sciences - Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
  • Susan K Seo
    Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
  • Justin Laracy
    Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
  • Maria Mazzitelli
    Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy.
  • Andrea Marino
    Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS), Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
  • Alberto Enrico Maraolo
    Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy.
  • Antonio Russo
    Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine-Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
  • Agnese Colpani
    Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Sassari, Italy.
  • Michele Bartoletti
    Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Infectious Diseases Unit - Department of Biomedical Sciences - Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
  • Anna Maria Cattelan
    Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy.
  • Cristina Mussini
    Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria of Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
  • Saverio Giuseppe Parisi
    Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
  • Luigi Angelo Vaira
    Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
  • Giuseppe Nunnari
    Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale e di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS), Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
  • Giordano Madeddu
    Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Sassari, Italy.

Keywords

No keywords available for this article.

External Resources

Popular Topics
Recent Journals