Antiswelling, Ultrastretchable, and Ultrastable Hydrogel Sensors for Long-Term Underwater Monitoring.

Journal: Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
Published Date: May 22, 2025

Abstract

Wearable strain sensors designed for underwater environments and monitoring users' health status and safety are highly desirable. However, constructing antiswelling, stretchable, and stable hydrogel strain sensors for prolonged underwater monitoring is still a great challenge. In this work, conductive hydrogel sensors suitable for comprehensive environmental monitoring are developed by integrating conductive montmorillonite (MMT) into hydrogels. The conductive hydrogels demonstrate exceptional stretchability, elasticity, electrical conductivity, a wide operational range, and high sensing accuracy. Additionally, the sensors exhibit excellent underwater stability, making them suitable for use in underwater communication and alert systems. The conductive hydrogels developed herein present a novel pathway for advancing underwater sensing applications, human-robot interaction, soft robotics, and underwater intelligent devices.

Authors

  • Hao Wang
    Department of Cardiology, Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
  • Xingyue Lin
    School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
  • Xin Li
    Veterinary Diagnostic Center, Shanghai Animal Disease Control Center, Shanghai, China.
  • Dong Lv
    School of Business Administration, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, China.
  • Jing Zhang
    MOEMIL Laboratory, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
  • Linjie Wei
    School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
  • Jiahui Tang
    School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China.
  • Yintong Lin
    School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
  • Xu Wu
    University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
  • Xiubin Xu
    School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.

Keywords

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