An integrated review on the role of different biocatalysts, process parameters, bioreactor technologies and data-driven predictive models for upgrading biogas.

Journal: Journal of environmental management
Published Date: May 5, 2025

Abstract

As energy consumption and waste generation from human activities continue to rise, the technology of anaerobic digestion (AD), which converts waste into bioenergy, has gained popularity. Biogas produced from AD commonly contains 60 % CH, 40 % CO and a minor fraction of impurities. Currently, several anaerobic reactors have been designed to upgrade the biogas with biomethane content above 90 %. This review summarizes the current trends in the biological upgradation of biogas from a bio-circular economy perspective to achieve sustainable energy goals. Examples of applications reporting the latest advancements in treating industrial effluents using high-rate anaerobic reactors have been mentioned. The integrated anaerobic-aerobic hybrid reactor offers a solution to the limitations of traditional methods in treating diverse effluents. A special focus on biological upgradation techniques such as in-situ, ex-situ, and hybrid mechanisms have been briefed. The key advantage of hybrid upgradation is its ability to address the pH rise during in-situ process. Additionally, the applications of artificial neural networks and optimization to upgrade biogas production have been discussed. The review concludes with future research directives with emphasis on the economic viability of the approaches.

Authors

  • P Mullai
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: pmullai@yahoo.in.
  • S M Sambavi
    Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Energy Engineering with Industrial Management, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom. Electronic address: sambavimullai@gmail.com.
  • S Vishali
    Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Engineering, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: meet.vishali@gmail.com.
  • K Dharmalingam
    Department of Biotechnology, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Gandipet, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Electronic address: dharmalingam_biotech@cbit.ac.in.
  • S Sutha
    Department of Instrumentation Engineering, Madras Institute of Technology (MIT) Campus, Anna University, Chennai, India.
  • S Dinesh
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: dineshsakthiconnect@gmail.com.
  • T Anandhi
    Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: ans.instrus@gmail.com.
  • Md Abdullah Al Noman
    Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX, Delft, the Netherlands. Electronic address: m.alnoman@un-ihe.org.
  • Abubakar M Bilyaminu
    Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, P. O. Box 3015, 2601, DA Delft, the Netherlands.
  • Anina James
    J & K Pocket, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India. Electronic address: anina_elina@yahoo.co.in.

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