Topo-CNN: Retinal Image Analysis with Topological Deep Learning.

Journal: Journal of imaging informatics in medicine
Published Date:

Abstract

The analysis of fundus images is vital for early detection of retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but traditional methods are resource-intensive. We propose an automated and interpretable diagnostic framework that leverages novel feature representations to improve performance. Our main contribution is a topological feature extraction technique based on Topological Data Analysis (TDA), which captures geometric and structural patterns in fundus images. These features are computationally efficient and interpretable. We integrate them with pretrained CNN features (e.g., ResNet-50) into a hybrid deep model, Topo-CNN, combining global image context with topological structure. We evaluate Topo-CNN on three benchmarks: APTOS (binary and five-class DR), ORIGA (Glaucoma), and IChallenge-AMD. Our model achieves 98.7% accuracy/98.9 AUC on binary DR, 95.5 AUC on five-class DR, 93.8% accuracy/93.6 AUC on AMD, and 82.3% accuracy/95.8 specificity on glaucoma. Ablation studies confirm the added value of topological features, and our Topo-CNN consistently outperforms existing methods across tasks.

Authors

  • Faisal Ahmed
    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
  • Mohammad Alfrad Nobel Bhuiyan
    Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, 71103, Shreveport, LA, USA. nobel.bhuiyan@lsuhs.edu.
  • Baris Coskunuzer
    Department of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, 75080, Richardson, TX, USA. coskunuz@utdallas.edu.

Keywords

No keywords available for this article.