Moving past multidisciplinary discussions and Gender-Age-Physiology model: precision medicine through biological phenotyping in interstitial lung disease.

Journal: Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
Published Date: Jul 14, 2025

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to underlying biological heterogeneity and variable clinical course. Traditional diagnostic and prognostic tools are limited in their ability to capture this heterogeneity or guide personalized treatment. Advances in biological phenotyping have set the stage for precision medicine in ILD, improving diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic decision-making in ILD. This review highlights recent advances in biological phenotyping technologies and their potential to reshape ILD care.

Authors

  • Manoj V Maddali
    Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address: manoj.maddali@stanford.edu.
  • Justin M Oldham
    Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. Electronic address: oldhamj@med.umich.edu.
  • Catharina C Moor

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