Hybrid AI and semiconductor approaches for power quality improvement.
Journal:
Scientific reports
Published Date:
Jul 15, 2025
Abstract
This research presents a novel approach to improving electric power quality using semiconductor devices by integrating Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), and advanced control strategies. The research addresses key power quality challenges - including voltage sags, swells, harmonics, and transient disturbances - through a data-driven framework that combines traditional control techniques with adaptive learning models. A variety of algorithms, including Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forests, Neural Networks, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, were tested using real-time data. The results showed notable differences in performance, with deep learning models, especially LSTM, proving to be more accurate and dependable in identifying and forecasting power quality issues. In contrast, traditional ML models like SVM and Random Forest had difficulties with class imbalance, resulting in lower precision and recall. DL models, however, managed these challenges effectively, with CNN achieving a precision of 91.8% and LSTM attaining perfect accuracy (100%) and a recall of 94.5%. The study also highlighted the complications of handling imbalanced datasets, as indicated by classification warnings, emphasizing the importance of improved preprocessing and model adjustments for reliable predictions. The execution times varied significantly, with traditional control systems being faster but less capable in identifying complex patterns compared to the computationally intensive DL models. These findings highlight the promise of hybrid systems that integrate both traditional and data-driven control strategies to achieve adaptive and dependable power quality management. Both simulations and real-world experiments support the effectiveness of this hybrid method, suggesting a strong foundation for intelligent power quality solutions in future smart grid applications. The research concludes that although deep learning models offer superior accuracy and predictive power for complex power quality scenarios, practical deployment requires careful balancing of computational demands and addressing class distribution challenges.
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