Assessment model of blast injury: A narrative review.

Journal: iScience
Published Date: Jun 6, 2025

Abstract

Craniocerebral and pulmonary injuries are primary blast-induced damages, assessed via numerical simulations, animal models, and postmortem human surrogates (PMHS). Recent years, the successful development of shock wave cell models and organoid models has provided new research directions for evaluation of blast injuries. Particularly human-derived organoids that can highly simulating the structure and function of human organs, significantly enhancing the physiological relevance of the models. Additionally, AI-based models (machine/deep learning) show promise in blast injury prediction and assessment. This review systematically summarizes the biological effects of explosive shock waves, the application of conventional assessment models and their limitations, and emerging technologies-cell/organoid models and AI applications. The utilization of cell models, human-derived organoid models, and AI models for the assessment of blast-induced biological injuries and subsequent research holds significant importance for understanding the cellular mechanisms of injury, protective research, and injury warning systems.

Authors

  • Rui Liang
    School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510090, China.
  • Hong Wang
    Department of Cardiology, Liuzhou Workers' Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China.
  • Junhong Gao
    Xi'an Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Biological Effects, Research Center for Toxicology and Biological Effects, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, China.
  • Jianmin Wang
  • Wenjuan Zhang
    Department of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
  • Airong Qian
    Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.

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