Diagnostic performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) compared with physicians in sleep medicine.

Journal: Sleep medicine
Published Date: Jul 19, 2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored for diagnostic capabilities in medicine. Leveraging LLMs within clinical systems may augment clinicians' diagnostic reasoning. The diagnostic effectiveness of LLMs in sleep medicine remains unevaluated against expert performance in clinical case scenarios.

Authors

  • Anshum Patel
    Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
  • Chad Ruoff
    Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
  • Scott A Helgeson
    Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA. Electronic address: Helgeson.scott@mayo.edu.
  • Diego Z Carvalho
    Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
  • Pablo R Castillo
    Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
  • Joseph Cheung
    Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA. Electronic address: Cheung.Joseph@mayo.edu.

Keywords

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