From "I have nothing to hide" to "It looks like stalking": Measuring Americans' Level of Comfort with Individual Mobility Features Extracted from Location Data
Journal:
arXiv
Published Date:
Feb 8, 2025
Abstract
Location data collection has become widespread with smart phones becoming
ubiquitous. Smart phone apps often collect precise location data from users by
offering \textit{free} services and then monetize it for advertising and
marketing purposes. While major tech companies only sell aggregate behaviors
for marketing purposes; data aggregators and data brokers offer access to
individual location data. Some data brokers and aggregators have certain rules
in place to preserve privacy; and the FTC has also started to vigorously
regulate consumer privacy for location data. In this paper, we present an
in-depth exploration of U.S. privacy perceptions with respect to specific
location features derivable from data made available by location data brokers
and aggregators. These results can provide policy implications that could
assist organizations like the FTC in defining clear access rules. Using a
factorial vignette survey, we collected responses from 1,405 participants to
evaluate their level of comfort with sharing different types of location
features, including individual trajectory data and visits to points of
interest, available for purchase from data brokers worldwide. Our results show
that trajectory-related features are associated with higher privacy concerns,
that some data broker based obfuscation practices increase levels of comfort,
and that race, ethnicity and education have an effect on data sharing privacy
perceptions. We also model the privacy perceptions of people as a predictive
task with F1 score \textbf{0.6}.