Plug. Play. Persist. Inside a Ready-to-Go Havoc C2 Infrastructure
Journal:
arXiv
Published Date:
Jun 30, 2025
Abstract
This analysis focuses on a single Azure-hosted Virtual Machine at
52.230.23.114 that the adversary converted into an all-in-one delivery, staging
and Command-and-Control node. The host advertises an out-of-date Apache 2.4.52
instance whose open directory exposes phishing lures, PowerShell loaders,
Reflective Shell-Code, compiled Havoc Demon implants and a toolbox of
lateral-movement binaries; the same server also answers on 8443/80 for
encrypted beacon traffic. The web tier is riddled with publicly documented
critical vulnerabilities, that would have allowed initial code-execution had
the attackers not already owned the device.
Initial access is delivered through an HTML file that, once de-obfuscated,
perfectly mimics Google Unusual sign-in attempt notification and funnels
victims toward credential collection. A PowerShell command follows: it disables
AMSI in-memory, downloads a Base64-encoded stub, allocates RWX pages and starts
the shell-code without ever touching disk. That stub reconstructs a DLL in
memory using the Reflective-Loader technique and hands control to Havoc Demon
implant. Every Demon variant-32- and 64-bit alike-talks to the same backend,
resolves Windows APIs with hashed look-ups, and hides its activity behind
indirect syscalls.
Runtime telemetry shows interests in registry under Image File Execution
Options, deliberate queries to Software Restriction Policy keys, and heavy use
of Crypto DLLs to protect payloads and C2 traffic. The attacker toolkit further
contains Chisel, PsExec, Doppelganger and Whisker, some of them re-compiled
under user directories that leak the developer personas tonzking123 and thobt.
Collectively the findings paint a picture of a technically adept actor who
values rapid re-tooling over deep operational security, leaning on Havoc
modularity and on legitimate cloud services to blend malicious flows into
ordinary enterprise traffic.