Key Advancements and Emerging Trends of Perovskite Solar Cells in 2024-2025.

Journal: Nano-micro letters
Published Date: Jan 15, 2026

Abstract

The past two years have witnessed remarkable progress in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), marked by breakthroughs in power conversion efficiency and strides in addressing long-term operational stability. At present, the certified power conversion efficiencies of single-junction PSCs and silicon/perovskite tandem cells have surpassed 27% and 34%, respectively. Regarding stability, researchers begun to focus their attention on the challenges faced by PSCs when operated in outdoor environments. Furthermore, breakthroughs in the utilization of green solvents, fabrication in ambient air conditions, aqueous-phase synthesis of perovskite raw materials at kilogram scale, vacuum flash evaporation, and machine learning-assisted design are accelerating the commercialization of PSCs. The review summarizes the key advancements of PSCs during 2024-2025. It identifies a critical performance discrepancy between small-area devices and perovskite solar modules and delves into strategies aimed at bridging this gap. Finally, perspectives on the future directions of PSCs are presented, with a particular emphasis on improving photocurrent and environmental sustainability.

Authors

  • Xiangqian Shen
    Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China. [email protected].
  • Xuesong Lin
    State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
  • Hongzhen Su
    State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
  • Ziyang Zhang
    School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
  • Tianhao Wu
    School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
  • Jing Zhang
    MOEMIL Laboratory, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
  • Yong Peng
    Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
  • Yiqiang Zhang
    College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; State Key Laboratory for Vegetation Structure, Function and Construction (VegLab), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
  • Shufang Zhang
    Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
  • Zhongmin Zhou
    College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China.
  • Xiangyue Meng
    School of Optoelectronics, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
  • Peng Gao
    Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
  • Wei Chen
    Department of Urology, Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Sichuan, China.
  • Yongzhen Wu
    EYE & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
  • Chuanjiang Qin
    Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China.
  • Qifeng Han
    State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
  • Yanbo Wang
    Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
  • Liyuan Han
    State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.

Keywords

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