Gastric cancer organoids and their convergence in engineering approaches.

Journal: FEBS letters
Published Date: Jan 14, 2026

Abstract

Gastric cancer research has rapidly progressed due to interdisciplinary advances in stem cell biology and bioengineering. Gastric organoid models, particularly those derived from adult stem cells, have emerged as powerful tools that recapitulate the cellular complexity of the human stomach. This review highlights the development of various gastric organoid platforms, with a specific focus on the convergence of engineering strategies to overcome the limitations of conventional organoid systems. We explore how CRISPR-based functional genomics, matrix innovations, co-culture systems, microphysiological systems (MPS), and big data integration are collectively enhancing organoid models. Furthermore, we examine how artificial intelligence may refine the clinical relevance and precision of gastric organoid models. By assessing both current capabilities and future directions, this review offers a perspective on how gastric organoid systems may reflect human physiology more accurately and improve therapeutic outcomes.

Authors

  • SoEun Lim
    Graduate School of Stem Cells and Regenerative Biology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea.
  • So Hee Kim
    Department of Food Science, Sun Moon University, Natural Science 118, 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si 336-708, Korea.
  • Hye-Jin Jeong
    Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, South Korea.
  • Steve Park
    Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
  • Bon-Kyoung Koo
    Graduate School of Stem Cells and Regenerative Biology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea.
  • Ji-Hyun Lee
    Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
  • Woojung Shin
    Graduate School of Stem Cells and Regenerative Biology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea.

Keywords

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