Application and Use of Cognitive Socio-Technical Theory.

Cognitive socio-technical theory (CST) first emerged in the health literature over 15 years ago. Since its introduction, the theory has been increasingly used by digital health, AI and health informatics researchers and professionals. A descriptive or mapping literature review was conducted to identify how the theory has informed research and practice. The review revealed that the seminal article describing the theory was cited 72 times with the number of citations increasing over time. To map the literature in the area, a thematic analysis was conducted. The thematic analysis revealed that the theory has overwhelmingly informed technology safety, human factors/human computer interaction, systems research and health informatics practice. New and emerging areas of research that are being influenced by CST theory include: artificial intelligence (AI), technology implementation and technology evaluation. The theory continues to advance the state of the art in research and health informatics practice.