Delivering artificial intelligence-ready genomics with the Maize Genetics and Genomics Database.
Journal:
Genetics
Published Date:
Apr 4, 2026
Abstract
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into computational biology is changing biological research, particularly in agriculture, where large and complex datasets offer opportunities for discovery and crop improvement. Maize (Zea mays L.), a globally critical crop with extensive genomic, genetic, proteomic, and functional resources, stands to benefit from AI integration. The Maize Genetics and Genomics Database (MaizeGDB) is proactively building an AI-ready infrastructure by standardizing datasets, precomputing complex features, developing novel interactive tools, and providing reproducible workflows. This paper details MaizeGDB's strategic initiatives to create a foundation of AI-ready data in standardized formats and generate precomputed embeddings from cutting-edge DNA and protein language models. We introduce new functionalities, including zero-shot variant effect scoring derived from biological language models (protein and DNA) and genome browser tracks for visualizing nucleotide conservation (conveying potential functional significance). Furthermore, we provide custom dataset assembly resources and reproducible workflows via GitHub. By providing access to and organization of maize data, MaizeGDB enables the maize research and breeding community to leverage AI for the accelerated discovery of gene function, variant interpretation, and the development of improved maize varieties.
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