Liposome Particle Size Prediction by In-Line Process Analytical Technology (PAT)-Integrated Machine Learning.

Precise control of liposome size is critical for drug delivery. We developed an in-line PAT-integrated machine learning model that predicts particle size with high accuracy (root mean square error 7.18 nm) using limited experimental data. By integrating physicochemical membrane characteristics, the model demonstrates generalization (root mean square error 7.53 nm) and interpretability, establishing a practical framework for advanced liposome particle size control.