AI Chatbots as Emerging Tools in Youth Mental Health Help-Seeking: Insights from New Jersey Youth

Youth in the United States are experiencing growing mental health challenges, yet many face barriers to accessing timely, affordable, and stigma-free support. At the same time, artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots have become widely available and are increasingly being used by young people as tools for information seeking, coping, and self-reflection. This brief report explores how youth are engaging with AI chatbots for mental health support, drawing from qualitative interviews conducted in New Jersey. Nine semi-structured interviews were completed with participants ages 19-22. Thematic analysis revealed five core themes: (1) generational change, peer communication, and humor as coping and normalization tools; (2) internal and external barriers to self-recognition and help-seeking; (3) AI chatbots as a safe and accessible first step; (4) AI chatbots as a tool for filling information gaps; and (5) limits of AI chatbots and the preference for human connection. These findings indicate that young people see AI chatbots as private, judgment-free starting points for exploring their emotions and seeking early support. However, they also recognize that these tools cannot replace human connection or professional care. For public health, this presents both challenges and opportunities in utilizing the accessibility of AI chatbots while ensuring ethical design, cultural responsiveness, and protections that safeguard youth privacy and equity.