Development of a Knowledge Map for Managing Symptoms of Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains a critical complication affecting patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), with multifaceted symptoms requiring systematic management. Current clinical practices lack structured tools to guide nurses in addressing GVHD-related symptoms across diverse organ systems. This review aims to synthesize evidence on GVHD symptom management to construct a knowledge graph, enhancing nursing interventions and improving patient outcomes. METHODS: Relevant authoritative books, guidelines, and expert consensuses such as the "Clinical Nursing Manual for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation" and the "Chinese Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute GVHD After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (2024 edition)" were referenced. Literature related to GVHD in HSCT was searched, with a time limit from 2014 to 2024. The knowledge graph was constructed using a combination of manual annotation and computer processing. RESULTS: A GVHD knowledge graph centered on symptom management for HSCT patients was constructed, encompassing 7 aspects of symptom management, including skin, oral cavity, liver, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and bones and joints, as well as health knowledge related to nutrition and psychology. DISCUSSION: This knowledge graph provides a structured, evidence-based framework for GVHD symptom management, addressing gaps in standardized nursing protocols. By integrating multidisciplinary recommendations, it supports clinical decision-making, reduces practice variability, and prioritizes patient-centered care. Future studies should validate its impact on complication rates and quality of life in real-world settings. The tool's adaptability allows updates as new evidence emerges, ensuring alignment with evolving guidelines. For nurses, this resource enhances competency in managing complex GVHD presentations, ultimately improving care delivery for HSCT recipients.