Five Issues of Artificial Intelligence in Science: Sailing the Ship of Theseus.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming part of the working infrastructure of academic medicine. Because grants convert scientific ideas into protected time, infrastructure, and institutional priority, they provide a revealing test case for AI's effects on biomedicine. Five issues are emerging: language, agency, review, doership, and identity. AI can polish weak proposals, shift the origin of ideas, align proposal and review language around fundability, and create feasibility theater, projects that sound executable, but exceed a laboratory's capacity. The challenge is to keep AI anchored to lived expertise, the experience of failure, and the formative work by which faculty become scientists. ANN NEUROL 2026.