Contemporary strategies for active learning in oral and maxillofacial surgery education.

The training of clinicians in various specialty disciplines continues to be the focus of twenty-first century dialogue amongst medical and dental educators. Active learning can be variably defined, but common descriptions emphasize mutual engagement in learning by the trainee and educator rather than mere passive listening by the learner. Active learning is demonstrated and practiced through case-based learning, collaborative work, and problem solving with the result being a deep learning experience for trainees. This article reviews and advocates contemporary approaches for active learning in oral and maxillofacial surgery education. Team-based learning with interactive teaching, flipped classroom models of education, structured debriefing and feedback, simulation-based training, and peer teaching are highlighted. It is our belief that these techniques and methodologies enhance the learning environment for oral and maxillofacial surgery trainees with resultant active learning experiences for these residents, and suitable preparation for their future, independent practice of our specialty.