Advanced veterinary ultrasonography: Current trends in diagnostics and therapeutics.

Ultrasonography is an important tool in veterinary medicine, offering non-invasive, real-time diagnostic capabilities with its safety. In recent years, advancements in biomedical technologies have enabled ultrasonography to evolve beyond traditional B-mode imaging, incorporating novel techniques that enhance diagnostic accuracy and enable therapeutic potential. This review evaluates Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS), Elastography, Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (ULM), and Photoacoustic Imaging (PAI), as well as therapeutic innovations such as High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU), building upon the basic applications of veterinary ultrasonography. Furthermore, the biomedical ultrasonography in veterinary medicine are discussed, with a focus on new innovations and artificial intelligence-powered analytical tools.