Association of Vitamin D with Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease.

Journal: Maedica
Published Date: Dec 1, 2023

Abstract

Vitamin D safeguards cardiovascular health by reducing inflammation and susceptibility to atheroma. This study aimed to evaluate the association of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its risk factors like body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile with vitamin D. Patients of both genders aged over 18 years, who underwent coronary angiogram for cardiac symptoms such as chest pain, breathlessness, palpitation, or syncope, were enrolled in the present study. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected. Glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured. The severity of CAD was analyzed along with the SYNTAX scoring. The study population was divided into three groups based on vitamin D levels: Group I (vitamin D level <20 ng/mL), Group II (20-30 ng/mL) and Group III (>30 ng/mL). There was a significantly higher number of patients with diabetes mellitus and triple vessel disease in Group I. On multivariable suplogistic regression, vitamin D had a significant odds ratio (OR) of 1.21 (1.03-1.43) for single vessel disease and 0.92 (1.13-1.43) for triple vessel disease. SYNTAX score had a significant OR of 0.697 (0.557-0.873) for single vessel disease and 1.27 (1.13-1.43) for triple vessel disease. There was a significant negative correlation between HbA1c and vitamin D (r =-0.269, p= 0.008). Vitamin D levels negatively correlated with triple vessel disease (r =-0.252, p= 0.013). Incidence of diabetes mellitus and levels of HbA1c were both higher among patients with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was a risk factor for single and triple vessel disease.

Authors

  • Ramya Bakthavatchalam
    Department of Biochemistry, Thanjavur Medical College, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, India.
  • Sriram Bakthavatchalam
    Department of Orthopedics, Vellore Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India.
  • Indhu Chandran
    Department of Ophthalmology, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Kanchipuram, Tamilnadu, India.
  • Archana Gaur
    Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
  • Ravishankar Natarajaboopathy
    Department of General Medicine, Madras Medical Collge, Chennai, Taminadu, India.
  • Jeganathan Geetha
    Department of General Medicine, KarpagaVinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Maduranthgam, Tamilnadu, India.
  • Kotha Sugunakar Reddy
    Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
  • Gajula Sindhura
    Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
  • Sakthivadivel Varatharajan
    Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

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