Electroencephalography Changes in Emotional Recognition: A Signal Processing Approach Using Wavelet Features.

BACKGROUND: motion recognition using electroencephalography (EEG) has gained significant attention in the fields of affective computing and human-computer interaction due to its ability to capture real-time neural responses. EEG signal variations associated with emotional states can be analysed using wavelet-based signal processing within the arousal-valence framework. PURPOSE: This study aims to analyse EEG signal variations associated with emotional states using a wavelet-based signal processing approach within the arousal-valence framework. METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted on 48 healthy participants. Emotional states were induced using image, video and music stimuli categorised under the arousal-valence model. EEG signals were recorded using the standard 10-20 electrode placement system. The acquired signals were pre-processed and analysed using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to extract time-frequency features, including energy and entropy. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate hemispheric differences and gender-based variations. RESULTS: Differences in EEG activity were observed between the left and right hemispheres across multiple emotional states (p < .05). Video and music stimuli produced stronger and more distinguishable EEG responses compared to image-based stimuli. Negative emotions demonstrated higher discriminative patterns than positive emotions. Gender-based variations were also observed in EEG responses. CONCLUSION: Wavelet-based EEG feature analysis provides meaningful and discriminative information for emotion recognition and may provide a robust feature set for future machine learning-based emotion recognition systems. Further studies incorporating classification algorithms and larger data sets are required to validate their predictive performance.