Magnetoelectric Nanodiscs Enable Wireless Transgene-Free Neuromodulation.

Journal: bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
Published Date: Dec 25, 2023

Abstract

Deep-brain stimulation (DBS) with implanted electrodes revolutionized treatment of movement disorders and empowered neuroscience studies. Identifying less invasive alternatives to DBS may further extend its clinical and research applications. Nanomaterial-mediated transduction of magnetic fields into electric potentials offers an alternative to invasive DBS. Here, we synthesize magnetoelectric nanodiscs (MENDs) with a core-double shell FeO-CoFeO-BaTiO architecture with efficient magnetoelectric coupling. We find robust responses to magnetic field stimulation in neurons decorated with MENDs at a density of 1 μg/mm despite individual-particle potentials below the neuronal excitation threshold. We propose a model for repetitive subthreshold depolarization, which combined with cable theory, corroborates our findings in vitro and informs magnetoelectric stimulation in vivo. MENDs injected into the ventral tegmental area of genetically intact mice at concentrations of 1 mg/mL enable remote control of reward behavior, setting the stage for mechanistic optimization of magnetoelectric neuromodulation and inspiring its future applications in fundamental and translational neuroscience.

Authors

  • Ye Ji Kim
    Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • Nicolette Driscoll
    Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • Noah Kent
    Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • Emmanuel Vargas Paniagua
    Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • Anthony Tabet
    Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • Florian Koehler
    Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • Marie Manthey
    Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • Atharva Sahasrabudhe
    Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • Lorenzo Signorelli
    Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen - Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
  • Danijela Gregureć
    Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen - Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
  • Polina Anikeeva
    Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.

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