Chewing gum prophylaxis for postoperative nausea and vomiting in the intensive care unit: a pilot randomised controlled trial.

Journal: Critical care and resuscitation : journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine
Published Date:

Abstract

To test the effectiveness of chewing gum in the prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after surgery. Prospective, open label, pilot randomised controlled trial. Two metropolitan ICUs. Ninety postoperative adult patients admitted to the ICU. Patients administered chewing gum, who chewed for at least 15 minutes every 4 hours, were compared with a control group, who were administered a 20 mL sip of water orally every 4 hours. The primary outcome was the number of patient-reported episodes of nausea in the first 24 hours after the operation. Secondary outcomes included vomiting or dry retching episodes, and duration and severity of nausea. Forty-six patients were randomly allocated to chewing gum and 44 patients to water. There was no difference between groups in the number of patients with nausea (10 [22%] chewing gum 12 [27%] control patients; = 0.72), nausea episodes (22 episodes; [median, 0; IQR, 0-0] 21 episodes [median, 0; IQR, 0-1] per patient in each group respectively), vomiting/retching (2 [4%] chewing gum 6 [14%] control patients; = 0.24), or duration/severity of nausea. Regular postoperative administration of chewing gum in a surgical ICU patient cohort did not reduce nausea, vomiting or retching. The prevalence of PONV is less than previously reported. Our findings can inform future studies of PONV prophylaxis in post-surgical ICU patients. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry No. ACTRN12617001185358.

Authors

  • Hussam Abdelkarim
    Department of Intensive care, Ballarat Health Service, Ballarat, VIC, Australia.
  • Natasha Ciampoli
    Department of Intensive Care, Epworth Eastern, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
  • Lara Zwakman-Hessels
    Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
  • Jai N Darvall
    Department of Intensive Care, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
  • Rinaldo Bellomo
    Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

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