Effects of gut microbiota on the pharmacokinetics of protopanaxadiol ginsenosides Rd, Rg3, F2, and compound K in healthy volunteers treated orally with red ginseng.

Journal: Journal of ginseng research
Published Date: Jun 5, 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND: It is well recognized that gut microbiota is involved in the biotransformation of ginsenosides by converting the polar ginsenosides to nonpolar bioactive ginsenosides. However, the roles of the gut microbiota on the pharmacokinetics of ginsenosides in humans have not yet been fully elucidated.

Authors

  • Jeon-Kyung Kim
    Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
  • Min Sun Choi
    Pharmacomicrobiomics Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
  • Woonhee Jeung
    R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Republic of Korea.
  • Jehyeon Ra
    R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Republic of Korea.
  • Hye Hyun Yoo
    Pharmacomicrobiomics Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
  • Dong-Hyun Kim
    Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.

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